Sains Malaysiana 51(1)(2022): 315-328

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5101-26

AC Susceptibility and Electrical Properties of PbS added Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ Superconductor

(Kerentanan Arus Ulang Alik dan Sifat Elektrik Superkonduktor Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ dengan Penambahan PbS)

M.J. MASNITA^1,2, ROZIDAWATI AWANG² & R. ABD-SHUKOR²*

¹Fakulti Sains Gunaan, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Department of Applied Physics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 9 March 2021/Accepted: 22 April 2021

ABSTRACT

The Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ (Bi-2212) phase is an interesting superconductor. Although it’s transition temperature is lower than Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ (Bi-2223), it has a better high field performance at low temperatures. This report is regarding the effects of lead sulfide on Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ superconductor. Samples of Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂CaCu₂O₈(PbS)_x for x = 0.0 to 10.0 wt.% were prepared via the solid-state-reaction route. The Bi-2212 was the majority phase in all samples with x ≤ 1.0 wt.% showing more than 95%. Scanning electron micrographs showed increase in grain size as PbS content was increased. The x = 0 sample exhibited the highest T _c-zero at 72 K and T_c-onset 83 K. The imaginary part of the AC susceptibility showed that the peak temperature, T_p increased from 59 K for x = 0 to 66 K for x = 0.6 wt.% sample. This research showed that PbS increased the flux pinning of Bi-2212 for x ≤ 1.0 wt.% although the transition temperature was suppressed.

Keywords: AC susceptibility; lead sulfide; microstructure; X-ray diffraction

ABSTRAK

Fasa Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ (Bi-2212) adalah superkonduktor yang menarik. Walaupun suhu peralihannya lebih rendah daripada Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ (Bi-2223), ia mempunyai prestasi medan tinggi yang lebih baik pada suhu rendah. Penyelidikan ini adalah mengenai kesan plumbum sulfida terhadap superkonduktor Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂CaCu₂O₈. Sampel Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂CaCu₂O₈(PbS)_x untuk x = 0.0 hingga 10.0 wt.% disediakan melalui tindak balas keadaan pepejal. Fasa Bi-2212 adalah majoriti dalam semua sampel dengan x ≤ 1.0 wt.% menunjukkan lebih daripada 95%. Mikrograf elektron imbasan menunjukkan peningkatan saiz butiran dengan peningkatan kandungan PbS. Sampel x = 0 menunjukkan T _c-sifar tertinggi pada 72 K dan T_c-mula tertinggi pada 83 K. Bahagian khayal kerentanan arus ulang alik ” menunjukkan suhu puncak, T_p yang meningkat daripada 59 K untuk x = 0 hingga 66 K untuk sampel x = 0.6 %. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa PbS meningkatkan pengepinan fluks Bi-2212 untuk x ≤ 1.0 wt.% walaupun suhu genting menurun.

Kata kunci: Kerentanan arus ulang alik; mikrostruktur; pembelauan sinar-X; plumbum sulfida

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*Corresponding author; email: ras@ukm.edu.my