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Sains
Malaysiana 51(1)(2022): 67-81
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5101-06
Comparison between Satellite-Derived Rainfall and Rain Gauge
Observation over Peninsular Malaysia
(Perbandingan
antara Pemerhatian Hujan Satelit Terbitan dan Tolok Hujan di Semenanjung Malaysia)
AHMAD FAIRUDZ JAMALUDDIN*, MUHAMMAD
IKMALNOR MUSTAFA KAMAL, MUHAMMAD HELMI ABDULLAH & AMIRUL NIZAM
MARODZI
Malaysian Meteorological Department,
Jalan Sultan, 46667 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
Received: 21 December 2020/Accepted:
21 May 2021
Abstract
Validation of the bias-corrected product of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Prediction Centre Morphing Technique CMORPH-CRT was conducted using gridded rain gauge dataset of Wong et al. (2011) and rain gauge data from meteorological stations throughout Peninsular Malaysia. The CMORPH-CRT was compared for four contrasting topographic sub-regions of Peninsular Malaysia, i.e. west coast (WC), foothills of Titiwangsa range (FT), inland-valley (IN) and east coast (EC). CMORPH-CRT product with grid resolution of 8 km × 8 km at temporal resolution of 1-hour from 00Z January 1998 to 23Z December 2018 was utilized. The results show that CMORPH-CRT are in agreement with the rain gauge data. The CMORPH-CRT performed best over coastal sub-regions but it underestimated over FT sub-region and overestimated at IN. CMORPH-CRT tend to perform better in moderate rather than heavy rainfall events. For extreme weather events, the CMORPH-CRT had shown capability in observing the formation and decay of low-pressure system in Penang during 4th November 2017 and it is in agreement with rain gauge based SPI index i.e. drought conditions over Peninsular Malaysia.
Keywords:
Extreme flood; satellite rainfall; standardized precipitation index
Abstrak
Pengesahan pencerapan yang diperbetulkan secara pincang dari National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Prediction Centre Morphing Technique (CMORPH-CRT) dilakukan dengan menggunakan rangkaian tolok hujan bergrid dari Wong et al. (2011) dan pencerapan tolok hujan daripada stesen meteorologi di seluruh Semenanjung Malaysia. Data CMORPH-CRT dibandingkan terhadap empat sub-rantauan topografi Semenanjung Malaysia yang berbeza, iaitu sub-rantauan pantai barat (WC), kaki bukit Banjaran Titiwangsa (FT), lembah-pedalaman (IN) dan pantai timur (EC). Resolusi grid 8 km × 8 km dan resolusi temporal setiap jam CMORPH-CRT dari 00Z Januari 1998 hingga 23Z Disember 2018 digunakan dalam kajian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pencerapan CMORPH-CRT adalah tekal dengan pencerapan tolok hujan. CMORPH-CRT cenderung mencerap lebih baik di sub-rantauan pesisir pantai manakala berkurangan di kawasan pergunungan dan berlebihan di sub-rantauan lembah pedalaman. CMORPH-CRT juga cenderung mencerap lebih baik kejadian hujan sederhana berbanding hujan lebat. Untuk kejadian cuaca yang melampau, CMORPH-CRT menunjukkan keupayaan dalam mencerap pembentukan dan penguraian sistem bertekanan udara rendah di Pulau Pinang pada 4 November 2017 dan tekal dengan indeks SPI tolok hujan, yang seterusnya tekal dengan keadaan kemarau di Semenanjung Malaysia.
Kata
kunci: Banjir besar; hujan satelit; indeks hujan piawai
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*Corresponding author;
email: fairudz@met.gov.my
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