Sains Malaysiana 51(3)(2022): 847-858

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5103-18

Oral Administration of Garcinia dulcis Flower Extract Lowers Arterial Blood Pressure

of 2-kidneys-1-clip Renovascular Hypertensive Rat

(Pemberian Oral Ekstrak Bunga Garcinia dulcis Menurunkan Tekanan Darah Arteri daripada 2-buah pinggang-1-klip Tikus Hipertensi Renovaskular)

NATTAYA THONGSEPEE^1,2,*, WILAWAN MAHABUSARAKAM³, SOPHAPUN EKARATTANAWONG¹, UMARAT SRISAWAT¹, PONGSAKORN MARTVISET^1,2, NOPPADON SUTTIRAK⁴ & SIRIPHUN HIRANYACHATTADA⁵

¹Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

²Thammasat University Research Unit in Nutraceuticals and Food Safety, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

³Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand

⁴Laboratory Animal Center, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

⁵School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand

Received: 4 November 2020/Accepted: 12 August 2021

Abstract

The hexane insoluble fraction of the Garcinia dulcis (GD) flower extract comprises mainly camboginol and morelloflavone which possess potent in vivo and in vitro antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 4-week oral administration of GD flower extract on the arterial blood pressure (ABP) and the excretory function of the kidney in the 2-kidneys-1-clip (2K1C) renovascular hypertensive rats (total=12) compared to sham operated (SO) normotensive Wistar rats (total=12). Four weeks after hypertensive-induced surgery, either 50 mg/kg BW GD flower extract or vehicle was orally administered to the 2K1C or SO groups (n=6/group) daily for four weeks. ABP and the renal excretory function were studied in anesthetized rats, and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA in the isolated thoracic aorta were measured. In the 2K1C rats, GD flower extract significantly decreased ABP while increased significantly eNOS mRNA levels. GD flower extract did not exert a diuretic effect in either SO and 2K1C rats since there was no change in observed urine excretion, but it did tend to attenuated the renal tubular damage caused by renovascular hypertension. GD flower extract was anti-hypertensive in this model of renovascular hypertension and problably acts via the endothelial nitric oxide signaling pathway.

Keywords: Anti-hypertension; camboginol; Garcinia dulcis; morelloflavone; renovascular hypertension

ABSTRAK

Pecahan tidak larut heksana daripada ekstrak bunga Garcinia dulcis (GD) mengandungi kamboginol dan moreloflavon yang mempunyai sifat antioksidan in vivo dan in vitro yang kuat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kesan pemberian secara oral ekstrak bunga GD selama 4 minggu pada tekanan darah arteri (ABP) dan fungsi perkumuhan buah pinggang pada tikus hipertensi renovaskular 2-buah pinggang-1-klip (2K1C) (jumlah= 12) berbanding tikus Wistar normotensif kendalian palsu (SO) (jumlah=12). Empat minggu selepas pembedahan akibat hipertensi, sama ada 50 mg/kg BW ekstrak bunga GD atau wahana diberikan secara oral kepada kumpulan 2K1C atau SO (n=6/kumpulan) setiap hari selama empat minggu. ABP dan fungsi perkumuhan buah pinggang telah dikaji pada tikus yang telah dibius dan pengekspresan mRNA nitrik oksida sintase (eNOS) endotelium dalam aorta toraks terpencil diukur. Pada tikus 2K1C, ekstrak bunga GD menurunkan ABP dengan ketara manakala paras mRNA eNOS meningkat dengan ketara. Ekstrak bunga GD tidak memberikan kesan diuretik sama ada pada tikus SO dan 2K1C kerana tiada perubahan dalam perkumuhan air kencing yang diperhatikan, tetapi ia cenderung untuk melemahkan kerosakan tiub buah pinggang yang disebabkan oleh hipertensi renovaskular. Ekstrak bunga GD adalah anti-hipertensi dalam model hipertensi renovaskular ini dan berkemungkinan bertindak melalui laluan isyarat nitrik oksida endotelium.

Kata kunci: Anti-hipertensi; Garcinia dulcis; hipertensi renovaskular; kamboginol; moreloflavon

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^*Corresponding author; email: nattayat@tu.ac.th