Sains Malaysiana 51(4)(2022): 977-991

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5104-03

Effect of Thermopriming and Alpha-Tocopherol Spray in Triticum aestivum L. under Induced Drought Stress: A Future Perspective of Climate Change in the Region

(Kesan Penyebuan Terma dan Semburan Alfa-Tokoferol pada Triticum aestivum L. Teraruh Tekanan Kemarau: Suatu Perspektif Masa Depan terhadap Perubahan Iklim Serantau)

UBAID ULLAH SHAKIR¹, SAMI ULLAH¹, MUHAMMAD NAUMAN KHAN^2,5, SAJJAD ALI², USMAN ALI¹, AKHTAR ZAMAN¹, SARAH ABDUL RAZAK^3,* & FETHI AHMET OZDEMIR⁴

¹Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan

²Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Pakistan

³Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

⁴Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey

⁵Agriculture University Public School and College (Boys), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan

Received: 18 June 2021/Accepted: 12 September 2021

Abstract

Because of global warming and decreased river flows, all of Pakistan's provinces, especially large parts of Sind and Baluchistan, have been experiencing water shortages for decades. Based on such climatic changes several management techniques have been recommended to cope through drought stress. This study is focused on the assumption that seed soaking of Triticum aestivumL. at low (4 °C) and high (80 °C) temperature (thermopriming) with exogenous spray of alpha-Tocopherol (150 mol/L) will increase seedling formation and crop production through drought stress of 5 and 10 days recommended to persuade resistivity in test species. This study also describes resistance mechanism of drought both in physiological and biochemical activities. Results concluded that chlorophyll a & b, carotenoids, sugar, protein and proline (µmg/g) contents were detected maximum in case of T1 (control) and T5 (5 days drought + 4 °C + α-Tocopherol) enhancing growth and osmolytes component in plant whereas; antioxidant enzymes bitterly respond under induced high drought stress and growth regulator at p≤0.05. The study showed the degree of resistance to various drought stressors best suited in agricultural country (Pakistan) signifying successful demonstration of priming method with the application of α-Tocopherol as growth regulator will help agricultural industries improve seed quality and germination rate. 

Keywords: α-Tocopherol; antioxidant enzymes; drought stress; thermopriming; Triticum aestivum L.

Abstrak

Disebabkan pemanasan global dan aliran sungai yang berkurangan, semua wilayah Pakistan, terutama sebahagian besar Sind dan Baluchistan telah mengalami kekurangan air selama beberapa dekad. Berdasarkan perubahan iklim tersebut, beberapa teknik pengurusan telah dicadangkan untuk mengatasi tekanan kemarau. Kajian ini memfokuskan pada anggapan bahawa rendaman benih Triticum aestivum L. pada suhu rendah (4 °C) dan tinggi (80 °C) (penyebuan termo) dengan semburan eksogen alfa-Tokoferol (150 mol/L) akan meningkatkan pembentukan anak benih dan pengeluaran tanaman melalui tekanan kekeringan selama 5 hari dan 10 hari yang disyorkan untuk mendapatkan daya tahan dalam spesies ujian. Kajian ini juga menjelaskan mekanisme tahan kekeringan dalam aktiviti fisiologi dan biokimia. Hasil kajian mendapati kandungan klorofil a & b, karotenoid, gula, protein dan prolin dikesan maksimum sekiranya T1 (kawalan) dan T5 (kekeringan 5 hari + 4 °C + α-Tokoferol meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan komponen osmolit di dalam tumbuhan sedangkan enzim antioksida kurang bertindak balas di bawah tekanan kekeringan tinggi dan pengatur pertumbuhan pada p ≤ 0.05.  Kajian menunjukkan tahap ketahanan terhadap pelbagai tekanan kemarau yang paling sesuai di negara pertanian (Pakistan) yang menunjukkan kejayaan kaedah ‘penyebuan’ dengan penggunaan α-Tokoferol sebagai pengatur pertumbuhan akan membantu industri pertanian meningkatkan kualiti benih dan kadar percambahan.

Kata kunci: α-Tokoferol; enzim antioksida; penyebuan termo; tekanan kemarau; Triticum aestivum L.

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^*Corresponding author; email: sarahrazak@um.edu.my