Sains Malaysiana 51(7)(2022): 2159-2171

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5107-18

Preventive Effects of Moringa oleifera on Obesity and Hyperlipidaemia: A Systematic Review

(Kesan Pencegahan Moringa oleifera terhadap Obesiti dan Hiperlipidaemia: Suatu Ulasan Sistematik)

RAJA KUMAR SIVANESAN, MUHAMMAD NORLIZA, FERNANDEZ MARY NANCY & MOHD FAHAMI NUR AZLINA^*

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

Received: 7 April 2021/Accepted: 4 June 2022

Abstract

Obesity and hyperlipidaemia are metabolic dysregulations, arising from poor lifestyle and excessive dietary intakes which may contribute to many chronic diseases if not treated. Studies have shown that plant-based supplementations can suppress this metabolic dysregulation. Moringa oleifera (MO) is a plant that is known to be nutritious and can alleviate obesity and hyperlipidaemia owing to its medicinal properties. A literature search on the effects of MO on obesity and hyperlipidaemia using electronic databases which included Ovid Medline and Scopus was performed. Specific descriptors were used to perform the search strategy. The articles were selected based on the principles that report on the effects of MO on obesity and hyperlipidaemia. Titles of the articles were screened for Moringa oleifera OR obesity OR hyperlipidaemia. Twenty-nine articles, 19 from Ovid Medline and 10 from Scopus were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A flow chart was created to represent the study selection. Based on the chosen articles, MO was shown to suppress obesity and hyperlipidaemia directly and indirectly through the regulation of gene expression, enzyme activity and adipocytokines. Through animal trials, MO demonstrated promising results in alleviating obesity and hyperlipidaemia. More human trials should be performed to strengthen the accomplished effects seen on animals. As there were no side effects identified in animal studies, it could be recommended to patients with obesity and hyperlipidaemia.

Keywords: Adipocytokines; hyperlipidaemia; Moringa oleifera; obesity

Abstrak

Obesiti dan hiperlipidemia adalah disregulasi metabolik yang disebabkan oleh gaya hidup yang tidak sihat dan pengambilan makanan berlebihan yang boleh menyumbang kepada banyak penyakit kronik jika tidak dirawat. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa suplemen berasaskan tumbuhan ini dapat menyekat disregulasi metabolik ini. Moringa oleifera (MO) adalah herba tumbuhan yang diketahui berkhasiat dan dapat mengurangkan kegemukan dan hiperlipidemia kerana kandungan perubatannya. Pencarian kepustakaan mengenai kesan MO terhadap obesiti dan hiperlipidemia dilakukan menggunakan pangkalan data elektronik yang merangkumi Ovid Medline dan Scopus. Pemerihal khusus digunakan sebagai strategi pencarian. Artikel dipilih berdasarkan prinsip yang melaporkan mengenai kesan MO terhadap obesiti dan hiperlipidemia. Judul artikel yang disaring menggunakan Moringa oleifera ATAU kegemukan ATAU hiperlipidemia. Dua puluh sembilan artikel, 19 daripada Ovid Medline dan 10 daripada Scopus dipilih berdasarkan kriteria kemasukan dan pengecualian. Carta aliran dibuat untuk mewakili pemilihan kajian. Berdasarkan artikel yang dipilih, MO terbukti dapat menyekat obesiti dan hiperlipidemia secara langsung dan tidak langsung melalui pengaturan ekspresi gen, aktiviti enzim dan adipositokin. Melalui kajian pada haiwan, MO menunjukkan hasil yang memberangsangkan dalam mengurangkan obesiti dan hiperlipidemia. Lebih banyak kajian manusia harus dilakukan untuk menguatkan lagi kesan MO yang dilihat pada haiwan. Oleh kerana tidak ada kesan sampingan yang ditunjukkan pada kajian haiwan maka penggunaan MO ini boleh disarankan kepada pesakit obesiti dan hiperlipidemia.

Kata-kunci: Adipositokin; hiperlipidimia; Moringa oleifera; obesity

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^*Corresponding author; email: nurazlinamf@ukm.edu.my