Sains Malaysiana 52(1)(2023): 129-138

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5201-10

Adsorption Isotherm and Surface Analysis for the Carbonate Formation on Nano Coral-Shaped Iron(Iii) Oxide

(Isoterma Penjerapan dan Analisis Permukaan bagi Pembentukan Karbonat di atas Ferum(Iii) Oksida Berbentuk Karang Nano)

AZIZUL HAKIM LAHURI^1,*, MOHD AMBAR YARMO², NORAZZIZI NORDIN³, NORLIZA DZAKARIA⁴, ADELINE HWONG ING ING⁵ & SOPHIA JELINA STANLEY KUDA⁵

¹Department of Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Kampus, Nyabau Road, P.O Box 396, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia

²Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

⁴School of Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Pekan Parit Tinggi, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan Darul Khusus, Malaysia

⁵Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

Received: 22 March 2022/Accepted: 25 June 2022

Abstract

The α-Fe₂O₃ was synthesized using the hydrolysis method to obtain the nano coral-shaped morphology. The adsorption isotherm and surface analysis upon CO₂ adsorption were identified. The adsorption capacity for nano coral-shaped α-Fe₂O₃ was measured at 8.66 cm³/g (17.00 mg/g). Experimental data from CO₂ adsorption isotherm at 25 ℃ best fits with the Freundlich isotherm model which implies the adsorption process is favorable and the multilayer adsorption on the heterogeneous surface. A decrease in the α-Fe₂O₃ crystallite peaks in the X-ray diffractogram after the CO₂adsorption was associated with the carbonate complexes species formation. IR spectra indicate higher intensities over the CO₂ exposure time of 4, 12 and 24 h, especially at absorption bands 1041 and 1627 cm^-1 that corresponded to C-O and asymmetry O-C-O stretches, respectively, for carbonate. The morphology of the carbonate formation on nano coral-shaped α-Fe₂O₃ over the CO₂ exposure time was analyzed using FESEM-EDX. Although the carbonate formation was not distinct, the increment in the C element also confirmed the capability of the α-Fe₂O₃ in adsorbing CO₂ for a long adsorption time of 24 h.

Keywords: Adsorption isotherm; carbonate formation; CO₂ capture; hydrolysis method; iron(III) oxide

Abstrak

α-Fe₂O₃ telah disintesis menggunakan kaedah hidrolisis untuk mendapatkan morfologi berbentuk nano karang. Isoterma penjerapan dan analisis permukaan terhadap penjerapan CO₂ telah dikenal pasti. Keupayaan penjerapan bagi α-Fe₂O₃ berbentuk nano karang telah diperoleh sebanyak 8.66 cm³/g (17.00 mg/g). Isoterma penjerapan CO₂ pada 25 ℃ daripada data uji kaji paling sesuai dengan model isoterma Freundlich menunjukkan proses penjerapan adalah berlaku dengan mudah dan penjerapan lapisan berganda pada permukaan yang heterogen. Penurunan puncak kekisi α-Fe₂O₃ dalam difraktogram sinar X selepas penjerapan CO₂ adalah dikaitkan dengan pembentukan spesies karbonat kompleks. Spektrum IR menunjukkan keamatan yang lebih tinggi terhadap masa pendedahan CO₂ pada 4, 12 dan 24 jam, terutamanya pada jalur-jalur serapan bagi 1041 dan 1627 cm^-1 yang masing-masing sepadan dengan regangan C-O dan O-C-O tak simetri bagi karbonat. Morfologi bagi pembentukan karbonat di atas α-Fe₂O₃ berbentuk nano karang terhadap masa pendedahan CO₂ dianalisis menggunakan FESEM-EDX. Walaupun pembentukan karbonat adalah tidak jelas, peningkatan unsur C juga telah mengesahkan keupayaan α-Fe₂O₃ dalam menjerap CO₂ dalam masa penjerapan yang panjang pada 24 jam.

Kata kunci: Ferum(III) oksida; isoterma penjerapan; kaedah hidrolisis; pembentukan karbonat; penjerapan CO₂

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^*Corresponding author; email: azizulhakim@upm.edu.my