Sains Malaysiana 41(9)(2012): 1063–1069

A Comparative Study of Condition Indices and Heavy Metals in Perna viridis

Populations at Sebatu and Muar, Peninsular Malaysia

(Kajian Perbandingan bagi Indeks Kondisi dan Logam Berat dalam Populasi Perna viridis

di Sebatu dan Muar, Semenanjung Malaysia)

C.K. Yap* & S.M. Al-Barwani

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia

43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 8 Disember 2011 / Diterima: 2 April 2012

ABSTRACT

This study compared some allometric parameters (shell length, shell width, shell height, total dry weight of soft tissues, condition index and heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in the different soft tissues of Perna viridis collected from Sebatu and Muar estuary. It was found that the total dry weight of soft tissues and condition index of mussels collected from Sebatu were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in Muar. The significantly (p<0.05) higher concentrations of Cu in most soft tissues and some of Cd indicated a higher bioavailability of Cu and Cd at Muar than Sebatu. In addition, the significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb in surface sediments collected from Muar supported the observable anthropogenic impacts at Muar than Sebatu and hence, higher metal contamination at Muar than Sebatu. The higher condition index value in mussels recorded in Sebatu than in Muar was believed to be a result of higher metal contamination at Muar estuary.

Keywords: Condition index; heavy metals;Perna viridis

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini membandingkan sesetengah parameter alometrik (panjang cangkerang, lebar cangkerang, tinggi cangkerang, jumlah berat tisu kering, indeks kondisi dan logam berat (Cd, Cu, Pb dan Zn) di dalam bahagian tisu kering yang berlainan bagiPerna viridis yang disampel dari Sebatu dan Kuala Muar. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa jumlah berat tisu kering dan indeks kondisi bagi kupang yang disampel dari Sebatu adalah lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05) berbanding dengan Muar. Kepekatan Cu yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05) di dalam kebanyakan tisu lembut dan sesetengah bagi Cd menunjukkan ketersediaan bagi Cu dan Cd adalah lebih tinggi di Muar dari Sebatu. Tambahan pula, kepekatan bagi Cu, Cd, Zn dan Pb yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05) di sedimen permukaan yang disampel dari Muar menyokong impak antropogenik di Muar dari Sebatu. Oleh itu, pencemaran logam berat di Muar adalah lebih tinggi dari Sebatu. Indeks kondisi di kupang yang direkod di Sebatu dari Muar adalah dipercayai disebabkan oleh pencemaran logam yang lebih tinggi di Kuala Muar.

Kata kunci: Indeks kondisi; logam berat; Perna viridis

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*Pengarang surat-menyurat; email: yapckong@hotmail.com