Sains Malaysiana 41(9)(2012): 1079–1086

Penilaian Awal Perubahan Sel Salur Kayu Baeckea frutescens yang dipengaruhi oleh Impak

Akibat Aktiviti Rekreasi di Gunung Tahan, Malaysia

(Preliminary Assessments on the Changes in Wood Vessel Characteristics of Baeckea frutescens

Influenced by the Impacts of Recreational Activities at Gunung Tahan, Malaysia)

Azita Ahmad Zawawi^1,2,*, Masami Shiba² , Hazandy Abdul Hamid³, Mohd Zaki Hamzah⁴ & Pakhriazah Hassan Zaki⁴

¹The United Guaduote School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24

Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0665, Japan

²Faculty of Agriculture, University of The Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara 903-0216, Okinawa, Japan

³Laboratori Pengurusan Biosumber Mampan, Institut Perhutanan Tropika dan Produk Hutan

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

⁴Faculty Perhutanan, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 17 November 2011 / Diterima: 21 Mei 2012

ABSTRAK

Kajian mengenai corak susunan sel salur dijalankan terhadap struktur kayu Baeckea frutescens bagi menilai perbezaan ciri anatomi spesies tersebut akibat impak daripada aktiviti rekreasi di Gunung Tahan, Malaysia. Plot kajian bersaiz 20 m × 20 m dibina di tiga kawasan perkhemahan utama dan penilaian dijalankan di sub-plot yang mewakili kawasan terganggu dan kawasan kawalan. Kajian menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan pada susunan dan struktur sel salur B. frutescens antara kawasan kajian. Keputusan menunjukkan spesies yang tumbuh di kawasan terganggu mempunyai saiz sel salur yang lebih tinggi dengan nilai 177.06 μm2 berbanding 106.40 μm2 di kawasan kawalan. Bagi parameter tumbesaran pokok, nilai purata diameter di keseluruhan kawasan terganggu adalah 2.10 berbanding 1.55 cm di kawasan kawalan manakala nilai purata bacaan tinggi pokok adalah 0.95± 0.04 dan 0.82 ± 0.06 m bagi kedua- dua kawasan. Kebanyakan kajian lepas menunjukkan ciri anatomi kayu adalah tertakluk kepada faktor genetik sesuatu spesies namun kajian ini menghasilkan pemerhatian yang menarik dan ia menunjukkan bahawa faktor genetik anatomi sesuatu spesies kayu itu boleh berubah sebagai tindak balas terhadap sebarang gangguan dan respons kepada perubahan ciri ekologi sesebuah kawasan.

Kata kunci: Aktiviti rekreasi; Baeckea frutescens; impak; Gunung Tahan; struktur kayu

ABSTRACT

Vessel arrangement of Baeckea frutescens were studied to determine its anatomical differences as impacted by recreational activities at Gunung Tahan, Malaysia. Plots sized 20 m × 20 m represent disturbed and control areas were established in the most visited camping sites. The study demonstrated that there were differences of vessel arrangements in B. frutescens selected among the study areas. Our result showed that B. frutescens grew in the disturbed plot had higher vessel areas compared with the control plot with the mean values of 177.06 μm2 and 106.40 μm2, respectively. For growth attributes, the average tree diameters in all the test sites were 2.10 and 1.55 cm at disturbed plot and control plot, respectively while the tree heights varied from 0.95±0.04 to 0.82 ±0.06 m for the disturbed and the control plots, respectively. Most previous studies indicated that wood anatomical characteristics are genetically fixed by species. However, interestingly, it was found from this study that vessel arrangement which is genetically influenced can change as a response to interferences and disturbances, depending on the ecological conditions.

Keywords: Baeckea frutescens; impact; Mount Tahan; recreational activities; wood structure

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: azitazawawi@gmail.com