Sains Malaysiana 44(11)(2015): 1579–1585

Minyak Pati Beberapa Bahagian Pokok Goniothalamus ridleyi

(Essential Oils from Different Parts of Goniothalamus ridleyi Plant)

SAMSIAH JUSOH^1,3*, FASIHUDDIN AHMAD², LAILY B. DIN³ & ZURIATI ZAKARIA⁴

¹Program Herba, Pusat Penyelidikan Hortikultur, Institut Penyelidikan dan Kemajuan Pertanian Malaysia (MARDI), Peti Surat 12301, 50774 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia

²Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Sumber, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Bumi Kenyalang, Malaysia

³Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia dan Teknologi Makanan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

⁴Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

54100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 20 April 2015/Diterima: 15 Jun 2015

ABSTRAK

Minyak pati Goniothalamus ridleyi daripada sampel segar dan kering bahagian kulit batang, kayu, buah, akar dan daun telah diekstrak menggunakan hidro penyulingan. Minyak pati tersebut telah dianalisis menggunakan kromatografi gas (KG) kapilari dan kromatografi gas-spektrometer jisim (KG-SJ). Komposisi sebatian kimia dalam minyak pati telah dikenal pasti secara perbandingan data spektrum jisim sampel dengan spektrum jisim yang ada dalam rujukan Wiley, perbandingan pengiraan indeks penahanan dengan nilai kepustakaan dan ko-kromatografi bagi sesetengah sebatian dengan sebatian autentik pada turus kapilari DB-5. Sebanyak 50 sebatian telah dikenal pasti dan mewakili 89.5% minyak pati kulit batang segarG. ridleyi. Minyak pati daripada kulit batang segar kaya dengan sebatian linalool (15.2%) dan sitronellal (10.9%). Sejumlah 47 sebatian telah dikenal pasti dan mewakili 90.1% jumlah minyak pati kayu segar yang menunjukkan kehadiran sebatian utama β-eudesmol (27.1%) dan y-eudesmol (20.8%). Sementara itu, minyak pati daripada bahagian buah menunjukkan kehadiran 49 sebatian serta mewakili 89.8% jumlah minyak pati. Sebatian utama dalam minyak pati buah adalah β-kubebena (20.7%) dan elemol (20.2%). Sebatian utama dalam sampel segar adalah sama dengan sebatian utama dalam sampel kering, kecuali bahagian sampel kering didapati kaya dengan sebatian-sebatian seperti β-karyofilena, limonena, β-selinena, viridifloral, α-kopaena dan cyperena.

Kata kunci: Goniothalamus ridleyi; komposisi minyak pati; monoterpena; seskuiterpena

ABSTRACT

The essential oils of fresh and dried samples of stem bark, stem, fruit, root and leaf of Goniothalamus ridleyi were extracted using hydrodistillation. They were examined by capillary GC and GC-MS. The chemical constituents were identified by comparison of their mass spectral data with those from the Wiley library, their retention indices and co-injection with the authentic samples. A total of 50 compounds representing 89.5% of the essential oil content were identified from the fresh stem bark of G. ridleyi. The fresh stem bark oil was dominated by linalool (15.2%) and citronellal (10.9%). A total of 47 compounds representing 90.1% of the total oil were identified from fresh stem of G. ridleyi, with the major compounds identified as β-eudesmol (27.1%) and g-eudesmol (20.8%). The fruit oil contain 49 identified compounds representing 89.8% of total oil with the major constituents identified as β-cubebene (20.7%) and elemol (20.2%). The chemical constituent in the fresh sample were similar to the constituent in the dried sample, except that the dried samples were found to be rich in β-caryophyllene, limonene, β-selinene, viridifloral, α-copaene and cyperene.

Kata kunci: Essential oils composition; Goniothalamus ridleyi; monoterpene; sesquiterpene

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: samsiah@mardi.gov. my