Sains Malaysiana 44(4)(2015): 511–516

Effect of Partial and Complete Replacement of Fishmeal with Mushroom Stalk Meal and Soy Bean Meal on Growth Performance of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus Fingerlings

(Kesan Penggantian Separa dan Penuh Makanan Ikan dengan Tepung Batang Cendawan dan Tepung Kacang Soya ke atas Perkembangan Tumbesaran Anak Ikan Tilapia Nil Oreochromis niloticus)

HASNIYATI MUIN^1,2*, NORHIDAYAH MOHD TAUFEK^1,2, RAJI AMEENAT ABIODUN¹,

HANAN MOHD YUSOF³ & SHAHARUDIN ABDUL RAZAK¹

¹AquaNutriBiotech Research Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science

University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

²Glami Lemi Biotechnology Research Centre, Glami Lemi, Titi, 71650 Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan

Malaysia

³Freshwater Fisheries Research Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Glami Lemi

71650 Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 26 November 2013/Diterima: 31 Oktober 2014

ABSTRACT

A dietary study was conducted to assess the use of mushroom stalk (MM), Pleurotus sajor caju, an agriculture waste and soy bean meal (SBM) as partial and complete replacement of fishmeal (FM) in tilapia fingerling diets. The study was conducted for 56 days. The diets were processed into sinking pellets. The experimental diets were formulated to replace fish meal protein at 0, 33, 67 and 100% (diet 4, 3, 2 and 1). In this experiment, Nile tilapia fingerlings weighing about 1.00 g were fed each of four isonitrogenous diet. They were randomly distributed into 12 plastic tanks with each tank stocking 20 fish. The experiment was conducted in three replicates for each treatment. All the diets were well accepted by the fish. No physical abnormalities were observed in all treatments. Good growth performance was shown in 33% replacement (diet 3) of FM diet. However, diet 1 (100% replacement) gave the highest increment in crude protein level and the best result of feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER). Furthermore, the 100% replacement of FM (diet 1) was the best with a production cost of RM2.61/kg.

Keywords: Fish feed; mushroom stalk; Oreochromis niloticus; Pleurotus sajor caju; soy bean meal

ABSTRAK

Suatu kajian pemakanan telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji penggunaan tepung batang cendawan (MM), Pleurotus sajor caju dan tepung kacang soya (SBM) sebagai bahan ganti separa dan penuh kepada tepung ikan (FM) di dalam makanan anak ikan tilapia. Kajian ini dijalankan selama 56 hari dan pelet makanan yang dihasilkan ialah jenis pelet tenggelam. Diet diformulasikan untuk menggantikan protein daripada FM pada kadar penggantian 0, 33, 67 dan 100% (diet 4, 3, 2 dan 1). Kajian ini menggunakan anak ikan tilapia Nil seberat lebih kurang 1.00 g. Anak-anak ikan ini diletak di dalam tangki plastik dan setiap tangki mengandungi 20 ekor anak ikan yang dipilih secara rawak. Keempat-empat diet telah diterima dengan baik oleh semua anak ikan. Tiada kecacatan fizikal direkodkan. Kadar pertumbuhan yang baik pula ditunjukkan pada diet yang mengandungi 33% penggantian FM. Walau bagaimanapun, diet 1 menunjukkan kenaikan kadar protein yang tinggi dan juga FCR dan PER yang terbaik. Selain itu, diet 1 juga merupakan diet yang termurah dengan kos penghasilan adalah sebanyak RM2.61/kg.

Kata kunci: Makanan ikan; Oreochromis niloticus; Pleurotus sajor caju; tepung batang cendawan; tepung kacang soya

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: Hasniyati_muin@yahoo.com