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Sains Malaysiana 44(9)(2015): 1249–1255
Fertility Suppression in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats by Administration of Methanolic Extract of Hempedu bumi (Andrographis paniculata) (Penindasan
Kesuburan dalam Tikus Jantan Sprague-Dawley melalui Pemberian Ekstrak
Metanol Hempedu bumi (Andrographis paniculata))
DAYANG NURUL FATIHAH
& MAHANEM, M.N.*
School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science
and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul
Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 10 September 2014/Diterima: 8 Mei 2015
ABSTRACT
The recent expanding rat population is causing severe economic
losses and diseases in human. The main objective of this study was to evaluate
the antifertility effects of Andrographis paniculata (AP) methanol extract on the
weight of testis, sexual behaviour, fertility, sperm quality and serum
testosterone level in treated male rats compared with control rats. A total of
21 adult male rats Sprague-Dawley aged 12 weeks were divided into three groups;
control group (distilled water), low dose group (800 mg/kg) and high dose group
(1600 mg/kg) of AP methanol extracts given orally
for 24 days. Body and testis weight, sexual behaviour test, fertility test,
sperm quality and serum testosterone level were measured. Oral administration
of AP methanol extract showed a significant decrease in
testis weight, number of mountings, number of fetuses, sperm count, sperm
motility and serum testosterone levels for all treatment group as compared with
the control group, whereas mortality showed a significant increase. Observation
on testis histology of treatment group exhibited features of degeneration in
Sertoli cells and germinal cells in the seminiferous tubules, followed by the
shrinkage of Leydig cells as compared with the control group, which showed
characteristics of normal spermatogenesis. In conclusion, AP methanol
extract exhibited antifertility effects in male rats, suggesting that AP is
a potential herb to be applied as rodenticide.
Keywords: Andrographis
paniculata; infertility; male contraception; sexual behaviour; sperm
quality; testosterone
ABSTRAK
Peningkatan populasi tikus mendatangkan kerugian
daripada segi ekonomi dan penyakit kepada manusia. Objektif utama kajian ini dijalankan adalah
untuk menguji kesan ekstrak Andrographis paniculata (AP) ke atas berat testis,
kelakuan seksual, kesuburan, kualiti sperma dan aras hormon testosteron tikus
jantan perlakuan berbanding kawalan. Sebanyak 21 ekor tikus jantan dewasa
Sprague-Dawley berusia 12 minggu dibahagikan kepada tiga kumpulan; kumpulan
kawalan (air suling), dos rendah (800 mg/kg) dan dos tinggi (1600 mg/kg)
ekstrak AP yang diberikan secara suap paksa selama 24 hari.
Berat badan dan berat testis, kelakuan seksual, kesuburan, kualiti sperma dan aras hormon testosteron diukur dan dicatat. Pemberian
ekstrak AP secara suap paksa menunjukkan penurunan yang
signifikan pada berat testis, bilangan pemanjatan, jumlah fetus, bilangan
sperma, motiliti sperma, aras hormon testosteron pada semua kumpulan tikus
perlakuan berbanding kawalan, manakala gred mortaliti sperma menunjukkan
peningkatan yang signifikan. Pemerhatian ke atas histologi testis tikus yang
diberi perlakuan ekstrak AP mempamerkan ciri-ciri
degenerasi pada sel germinal tubul seminiferus dan sel Sertoli, serta berlaku
pengecutan pada sel Leydig, berbanding dengan kumpulan kawalan yang menunjukkan
ciri-ciri spermatogenesis yang normal. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak AP didapati
memberi kesan antikesuburan pada tikus jantan, seterusnya mencadangkan tumbuhan AP berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai rodentisid.
Kata kunci: Agen kontraseptif; Andrographis
paniculata; antikesuburan; kelakuan seksual; kualiti sperma; testosterone
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: mahanem@ukm.edu.my
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