Sains Malaysiana 44(9)(2015): 1275–1281

Germination Behaviour of 6 × 6 Diallel Hybrids of an Energy Crop Jatropha curcas L.

(Kelakuan Percambahan Hibrid Dialel 6 × 6 Tanaman Penghasil Tenaga Jatropha curcas L.)

A.K.M. AMINUL ISLAM¹*, NURINA ANUAR², ZAHIRA YAAKOB² & JAHARAH A. GHANI³

¹Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

²Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 12 Mac 2014/Diterima: 19 Mei 2015

ABSTRACT

The seeds of 6 × 6 half diallel progenies of Jatropha curcas were used to evaluate the effects of genotypes (parents and their hybrids) on germination traits of jatropha at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Germination traits were varied significantly (p<0.01) among the seeds of hybrids and their parents. The germination was started at four days after planting and prolonged until 15 days. Seed germination varied from 58.06 to 92.76% among the parents and 53.43 to 98.96% among the hybrids. The highest germination was observed in the hybrid P2 × P4 and none of the hybrid or parent showed complete (100%) germination. The maximum GI (germination index) and SVI (seedling vigour index) were found in the hybrids P1 × P5 and P1 × P2 and the lowest in P2 × P4 and P3 × P6, respectively. For most germination parameters parents behaved poorly than that of the hybrids.

Keywords: Biofuel; diallel; germination index; hybrid; seedling vigour

ABSTRAK

Biji benih progeni dialel separa 6 × 6 telah digunakan untuk menilai kesan genotip (induk dan hibridnya) terhadap ciri percambahan Jatropha curcas di Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Ciri percambahan didapati berbeza secara bererti (p<0.1) pada biji benih hibrid dan induknya. Percambahan dimulakan pada hari ke empat selepas penyemaian dan dibiarkan sehingga 15 hari. Percambahan biji benih adalah berbeza-beza dari 58.06 hingga 92.76% antara induk dan dari 53.4 hingga 98.96% antara hibrid. Percambahan tertinggi dicerap pada hibrid P2 × P4 dan tiada percambahan 100% ditunjukkan oleh hibrid dan induk. Indeks percambahan GI dan indeks kecergasan anak benih SVI didapati paling tinggi masing-masing pada P1 × P5 dan P1 × P2 dan paling rendah pada P2 × P4 and P3 × P6. Kebanyakan parameter percambahan pada induk menunjukkan nilai yang kurang baik berbanding hibridnya.

Kata kunci: Bahan api biologi; dialel; hibrid; indeks percambahan; kecergasan anak benih

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