Sains Malaysiana 45(4)(2016): 627–632

Chemical Composition of Cinnamomum Species Collected in Sarawak

(Komposisi Kimia Cinnamomum Spesies dari Sarawak)

 

 

SYALIZA ABDUL HAMMID, ZAINI ASSIM & FASIHUDDIN AHMAD*

 

Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak

Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 13 Januari 2015/Diterima: 16 Oktober 2015

 

ABSTRACT

Cinnamomum species (Lauraceae) are well known for their fragrance and medicinal value. The essential oils of three Cinnamomum species (C. macrophyllum, C. crassinervium and C. griffithii) collected in Sarawak were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatograpy mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The analysis of the oils showed that most of the essential oils were mainly phenylpropanoids and monoterpenes with a small amount of sesquiterpenes present. Both C. griffithii and C. crassinervium contained similar major chemical composition such as β-linalool, methyl cinnamate and eugenol methyl ether. No presence of methyl cinnamate and β-linalool were found in the oil of C. macrophyllum. m-Eugenol was prominent in the leaf oil of C. macrophyllum, while cinnamaldehyde was found mainly in the bark oil of C. macrophyllum. High percentage of camphor was identified in the bark and root oil of C. macrophyllum, compared to small amount of camphor found in the both root oil of C. griffithii and C. crassinervium.

 

Keywords: Cinnamomum species; essential oil; monoterpene; phenylpropanoid

 

 

ABSTRAK

Spesies tumbuhan Cinnamomum (Lauraceae) terkenal dengan aroma dan nilai perubatan. Minyak pati daripada tiga spesies Cinnamomum (C. macrophyllum, C. crassinervium dan C. griffithii) telah diperoleh melalui penyulingan hidro dan dianalisis oleh kromatografi gas spektrometri jisim (GC-MS). Analisis minyak menunjukkan bahawa sebahagian besar minyak pati kebanyakannya daripada fenilpropanoid dan monoterpena dengan sedikit kehadiran siskuiterpena. Kedua-dua spesies C. griffithii dan C. crassinervium mengandungi komposisi kimia utama yang sama seperti β-linalool, metil simanat dan eugenol metil eter. Tiada kehadiran metil simanat dan β-linalool ditemui dalam minyak C. macrophyllum. m-eugenol didapati dengan banyak di dalam minyak daun C. macrophyllum, manakala sinnamaldihid dikenal pasti terutamanya di dalam minyak kulit C. macrophyllum. Peratusan kamfor yang tinggi telah dikenal pasti dalam kulit dan akar minyak C. macrophyllum, berbanding dengan sedikit kamfor yang terdapat di dalam minyak akar kedua-dua C. griffithii dan C. crassinervium.

 

Kata kunci: Fenilpropanoid; minyak pati; monoterpena; spesies Cinnamomum

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: bfasih@frst.unimas.my