Sains Malaysiana 46(8)(2017): 1211–1219

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4608-06

Penentuan Kualiti Air daripada Sistem Penuaian Air Hujan di Kolej Ungku Omar, UKM Bangi

(Determination of Rainwater Quality from Rainwater Harvesting System at Ungku Omar College, UKM Bangi)

NUR SYARINA ASMAN¹, AZHAR ABDUL HALIM², MARLIA MOHD HANAFIAH² & FARAH DIYANA ARIFFIN¹*

¹Program Kesihatan Persekitaran dan Keselamatan Industri, Pusat Pengajian Sains Diagnostik dan Kesihatan Gunaan, Fakulti Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia

²Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 7 Jun 2016/Diterima: 27 Oktober 2016

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tahap kualiti air hujan di dalam Sistem Penuaian Air Hujan iaitu MyRAWAS yang dibina di Kolej Kediaman Ungku Omar, UKM, Bangi. Parameter air hujan yang dikaji dibandingkan dengan Piawai Kualiti Air Kebangsaan Malaysia (NWQS) dan Piawai Kualiti Air Minum. Parameter yang diuji dalam analisis air hujan ialah suhu, pH, kekeruhan, jumlah pepejal terampai (TSS), oksigen terlarut (DO), permintaan oksigen biokimia (BOD), permintaan oksigen kimia (COD), ammonia-nitrogen (NH₃-N), Koliform Jumlah dan Escherichia coli. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kesemua bacaan parameter mematuhi piawaian yang telah ditetapkan oleh Piawai Kualiti Air Kebangsaan Malaysia (NWQS) dan Piawai Air Minum Kebangsaan dengan purata nilai suhu, pH, kekeruhan, TSS, DO, BOD, COD dan NH₃-N masing-masing berada pada julat 26.2˚C-28.6˚C, 6.18-6.36, 0.93-3.06 ntu, 1.0-4.6 mg/L, 6.21-8.29 mg/L, 0.21-0.43 mg/L, 3-7 mg/L dan 0.01-0.47 mg/L. Manakala bacaan Koliform Jumlah dan Escherichia coli berada di bawah had maksimum yang ditetapkan oleh Piawai Kualiti Air Minum. Berdasarkan Indeks Kualiti Air (IKA), kualiti air hujan di kawasan kajian berada pada kelas IIA bagi titik persampelan T1 dan T2 dan berubah menjadi kelas I selepas menjalani kaedah rawatan penapisan iaitu pada titik persampelan T3. Hasil kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa air tuaian hujan tersebut selamat untuk digunakan untuk aktiviti harian.

Kata kunci: Kolej kediaman; kualiti air; Malaysia; MyRAWAS; sistem penuaian air hujan

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to determine the water quality level of Rainwater Harvesting System (MyRAWAS) built at Ungku Omar Residential College, UKM Bangi. The parameters analysed were compared with the National Water Quality Standards Malaysia (NWQS) and Drinking Water Quality Standards. The parameters that were tested in the analysis of rainwater were temperature, pH, turbidity, total suspended solid (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH₃-N), Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli. The study showed that all parameters conform to the standard set by National Water Quality Standards Malaysia (NWQS) and Drinking Water Quality Standards. The results showed that temperature, pH, turbidity, TSS, DO, BOD, COD and NH₃-N mean values are 26.2˚C-28.6˚C, 6.18-6.36, 0.93-3.06 ntu, 1.0-4.6 mg/L, 6.21-8.29 mg/L, 0.21-0.43 mg/L, 3-7 mg/L and 0.01-0.47mg/L, respectively. Meanwhile the Total Coliform and Escherichia coli are below the maximum limit set by the Drinking Water Quality Standards. According to the Water Quality Index (IKA), the quality of rainwater in the study area is in class IIA for sampling point T1 and T2 and turned into class I after undergoing filtration treatment at sampling point T3. The result showed that the rainwater is safe to be used for their daily activities.

Keywords: Malaysia; MyRAWAS; rainwater harvesting system; residential college; water quality

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: farahdiyana@ukm.edu.my