Sains Malaysiana 47(1)(2018): 19–25

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4701-03

Fauna Diversity in Pitcher Plants at Setiam Hill, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia

(Kepelbagaian Fauna dalam Tumbuhan Periuk Kera di Bukit Setiam, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia)

M.T. MARINA^1*, C. JOHN KEEN², B.R. CAROLINE² & J. AFSAR²

¹Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu Sarawak Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak Bumi Kenyalang, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 30 Ogos 2016/Diterima: 15 Jun 2017

ABSTRACT

A study was carried out to determine the diversity and enumerate the fauna species related to five pitcher plant species at a selected area in Bukit Setiam Forest, Tatau, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. At the end of the study, six insect orders together with nematodes and Araneae were detected with different existence abundances and diversity. From the 901 total fauna trapped, 58.82% belonged to the order Hymenoptera, mainly of the ant species, followed by Nematodes (21.64%), Diptera (15.87%), Coleoptera (1.66%), Hemiptera (0.89%), Blattaria (0.44%) and finally, Lepidoptera (0.33%) and Araneae (0.33%). Significant differences (p<0.05) in the composition of insect trapped in pitcher plants were observed for the order Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera and even Nematodes. Meanwhile, no significant difference was observed for Coleoptera, Blattaria and Araneae. There is a strong relationship between fauna and Nepenthes pitcher either as a prey, predator, a mutualistic relationship or parasites or also for a habitat to live or to reproduce.

Keywords: Borneo; fauna; Nepenthes; relationship; Setiam Hill

ABSTRAK

Satu kajian telah dijalankan untuk menentukan kepelbagaian dan menghitung spesies fauna yang berkaitan dengan lima spesies tumbuhan periuk kera di sebuah kawasan terpilih di Hutan Bukit Setiam, Tatau, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. Pada akhir kajian ini, enam tertib serangga bersama nematod dan Araneae telah dikesan dengan kewujudan kelimpahan dan kepelbagaian yang berbeza. Daripada 901 jumlah fauna yang terperangkap, 58.82% adalah daripada tertib Hymenoptera, terutama daripada spesies semut, diikuti oleh nematod (21.64%), Diptera (15.87%), Coleoptera (1.66%), Hemiptera (0.89%), Blattaria (0.44%) dan akhirnya, Lepidoptera (0.33%) dan Araneae (0.33%). Perbezaan yang signifikan (p<0.05) dalam komposisi serangga terperangkap di dalam periuk kera dilihat bagi tertib Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera malahan nematod. Sementara itu, tiada perbezaan ketara diperhatikan untuk Coleoptera, Blattaria dan Araneae. Wujud satu hubungan yang kuat antara fauna dan periuk Nepenthes sama ada sebagai mangsa, pemangsa, hubungan mutualistik atau parasit dan juga sebagai habitat untuk hidup atau untuk berkembang biak.

Kata kunci: Borneo; Bukit Setiam; fauna; hubungan; Nepenthes

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: marinamohd@upm.edu.my