Sains Malaysiana 47(4)(2018): 829-838

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4704-23

Pembandingan Kesan Faktor Pelekangan (F_d) ke atas Bahan Komposit Plastik Bertetulang Ekaarah dan Bertenun semasa Proses Pemesinan Kisar

(Comparison Effect of Delamination Factor (F_d) on Unidirectional and Woven Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Plastic Composite Materials during Milling Process)

H. AZMI¹, C.H. CHE HARON²*, J.A. GHANI² & M. SUHAILY³

¹Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Pembuatan, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kampus Tetap Pauh Putra, Jalan Arau-Changlun, 02600 Arau, Perlis Indera Kayangan, Malaysia

²Jabatan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Bahan, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kuliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, 53100 Gombak, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 19 Mei 2017/Diterima: 2 November 2017

ABSTRAK

Serabut kenaf merupakan salah satu serabut berasaskan tumbuhan di dalam kumpulan serabut asli yang semakin luas penggunaannya. Serabut kenaf dicampurkan dengan bahan plastik (epoksi) bagi menghasilkan suatu bahan baharu dengan sifat mekanikal yang baik dengan kos pembuatan yang rendah. Bahan kerja ini terbahagi kepada dua jenis iaitu serabut kenaf ekaarah dan serabut kenaf tenunan. Uji kaji ini akan menumpukan kepada pembandingan kesan faktor pelekangan F_d yang terhasil semasa proses pemesinan kisar ke atas bahan komposit tersebut dengan penentuan set parameter mesin yang paling optimum bagi mengurangkan kesan F_d. Uji kaji dijalankan berdasarkan analisis kaedah gerak balas permukaan (RSM) dengan pendekatan reka bentuk Box-Behnken bagi mendapatkan hasil faktor bersandar terhadap sambutan. Faktor yang terlibat adalah kelajuan pemotongan, kadar suapan dan kedalaman pemotongan. Proses pengisaran secara lelurus (lurah) dilakukan bagi melihat kesan F_d yang terhasil dengan menggunakan perkakasan mata alat jenis Keluli Berkelajuan Tinggi (HSS) tidak bersalut hujung rata berdiameter 10 mm. Imej daripada mikroskop menunjukkan bahan komposit serabut kenaf ekaarah menghasilkan faktor pelekangan yang tinggi berbanding kesan ke atas bahan komposit serabut kenaf bertenun. Bagi set parameter optimum pula, bahan kerja serabut kenaf ekaarah ialah kelajuan pemotongan, kadar suapan dan kedalaman pemotongan yang rendah. Manakala bagi bahan kerja serabut kenaf bertenun, set parameter optimum adalah kelajuan pemotongan yang rendah dengan kadar suapan dan kedalaman pemotongan yang tinggi.

Kata kunci: Faktor pelekangan; optimum; RSM Box-Behnken

ABSTRACT

Kenaf fibre is a fibre-based plant in the natural fibre group that is becoming more widely used. Kenaf fibre was mixed with polymer (epoxy) materials to develop a new material with good mechanical properties with low manufacturing costs. The workpiece is divided into two types which is the unidirectional kenaf fibre and the woven kenaf fibre. The experiment will focus on comparison the effect of delamination factor (F_d) which was produced during milling process on that materials with the most optimum set of parameter to reduce the effects of F_d. This experiment will be conducted based on roughness surface methodology (RSM) analysis with the Box-Behnken Design approach to get the effects of dependant factors on response. The factors involved are cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. The straight line (slotting) milling process will be conducted to indentify the effect of F_d using high speed steel (HSS) uncoated and tungsten carbide uncoated end milling with 10 mm diameter cutting tools. Image from microscope shown the unidirectional kenaf fibre composite material has a high delamination factor compared to effect on woven kenaf fibre composite material. On optimum parameter setting, unidirectional kenaf fibre workpiece is low cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. While for woven kenaf fibre workpiece, the optimum parameter setting is low cutting speed with high feed rate and depth of cut.

Keywords: Delamination factor; optimization; RSM Box-Behnken

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: chehase@gmail.com