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Sains Malaysiana 47(5)(2018): 1017–1023 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4705-18
Radiological Dose Assessment
of Natural Radioactivity in Malaysian Tiles Using Resrad-Build
Computer Code (Penilaian Dos
Sinaran Keradioaktifan Tabii dalam Jubin di Malaysia Menggunakan Kod Komputer
Resrad-Build)
AZNAN FAZLI
ISMAIL1,2,3*, SHITTU ABDULLAHI1,4, SUPIAN SAMAT1 &
MUHAMAD SAMUDI YASIR1,2,3
1Centre
of Physics and Novel Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Nuclear
Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
3Nuclear
Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
4Department of Physics, Faculty of
Science, Gombe State University, P.M.B. 127 Gombe, Nigeria
Diserahkan:
15 September 2017/Diterima: 2 Januari 2018
ABSTRACT
This research reports
the annual effective dose of dwellers based on the finding of
natural radioactivity concentrations in Malaysian tiles. A total
of 30 tiles samples obtained from the manufacturer or bought directly
from local hardware store. Natural radioactivity was analyzed
using gamma spectrometry system for 12 h counting times. The activity
concentration of 226Ra,
232Th,
and 40K in the analyzed samples ranged from 37.50 – 158.05
Bq kg-1, 42.22 – 80.19 Bq kg-1
and 349.46 – 750.18 Bq kg-1, respectively. The determined
radium equivalent activity was below than the recommended limit
of 370 Bq kg-1.
The external dose received by dwellers due to natural radionuclides
in tiles were projected for 1, 5, 10, 20 and 50 years through
six exposure pathways using Resrad-build computer code. The results
showed that the annual effective dose received by dwellers increased
for the investigated timelines but still lower than the annual
recommended limit of 1500 μSv. The simulation result also
indicates that radon gas was the primary radiation exposure which
contributes 80-94 % from the total radiation exposure to dwellers.
Keyword: Annual
effective dose; natural radionuclides; Resrad-Build computer code; tiles
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini melaporkan
kadar dos yang diterima oleh penghuni bangunan berdasarkan kepekatan
radionuklid tabii dalam jubin di Malaysia. Sebanyak 30 sampel jubin telah
diperoleh daripada pengeluar atau dibeli secara terus daripada kedai. Kepekatan
aktiviti radionuklid tabii dianalisis menggunakan sistem spektrometri sinar
gama dengan masa pembilangan selama 12 jam. Kepekatan aktiviti 226Ra, 232Th,
dan 40K dalam sampel masing-masing berada dalam julat 37.50 -
158.05 Bq kg-1, 42.22 - 80.19 Bq kg-1 dan
349.46 - 750.18 Bq kg-1. Nilai aktiviti kesetaraan radium yang
ditentukan adalah di bawah had yang disyorkan ititu 370 Bq kg-1.
Dos dedahan tahunan yang diterima oleh penghuni bangunan berpunca daripada
radionuklid tabii dalam jubin telah ditentukan menggunakan kod komputer
Resrad-build bagi 1, 5, 10, 20 dan 50 tahun melalui enam laluan dedahan.
Keputusan kajian mendapati kadar dos dedahan tahunan yang diterima oleh
penghuni meningkat bagi tempoh masa yang dikaji tetapi masih rendah daripada
had dos tahunan yang dicadangkan iaitu 1500 μSv. Hasil simulasi juga menunjukkan
gas radon adalah sumber dedahan sinaran utama yang menyumbang 80-94% daripada
jumlah dedahan sinaran kepada penghuni bangunan.
Kata kunci: Dos dedahan tahunan; jubin; kod komputer Resrad-build;
radionuklid tabii
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat;
email: aznan@ukm.edu.my
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