Sains Malaysiana 47(5)(2018): 893–901

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4705-04

Penentuan Kepekatan Radionuklid Tabii dan Indeks Bahaya Radiologi akibat Penggunaan Condisoil® ke atas Penanaman Hibiscus cannabinus (Kenaf)

(Determination of Natural Radionuclides Concentrations and Radiological Hazard Index due to Application of Condisoil® on Hibiscus cannabinus (Kenaf) Cultivation)

AZNAN FAZLI ISMAIL^1,2*, KHAIRIAH ROSLI², WAN MOHD RAZI IDRIS³ & SAHIBIN ABD. RAHIM³

¹Pusat Penyelidikan Teknologi Nuklear, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Program Sains Nuklear, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran & Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 5 September 2017/Diterima: 27 November 2017

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini bertujuan menentukan kepekatan aktiviti radionuklid tabii (226Ra, 228Ra dan 40K) dalam tanah, air dan tumbuhan serta faktor pemindahan daripada tanah kepada tumbuhan dan indeks bahaya radiologi akibat penggunaan Condisoil®. Sebanyak 4 sampel tanah, 14 sampel air dan 4 sampel tumbuhan telah dianalisis menggunakan sistem spektometri sinar gama. Keputusan kajian mendapati julat kepekatan aktiviti 226Ra, 228Ra dan 40K dalam sampel tanah yang menggunakan Condsoil® masing-masing adalah 13.8 - 17.6, 15.7 - 21.0 dan 44.5 - 57.7 Bq kg^-1. Julat kepekatan aktiviti 226Ra, 228Ra dan 40K dalam sampel tumbuhan pula masing-masing adalah 5.0 - 18.5, 0.1 - 1.5 dan 42.7 - 321.8 Bq kg^-1. Bagi sampel air, julat kepekatan aktiviti bagi radionuklid 226Ra, 228Ra dan 40K masing - masing adalah 0.3 - 0.9, 0.3 - 3.9 dan 1.4 - 11.6 Bq L^-1. Julat faktor pemindahan radionuklid 226Ra, 228Ra dan 40K daripada tanah ke tumbuhan masing-masing adalah 0.42 - 0.71, 0.01 - 0.08 dan 0.85 - 5.34. Penilaian bahaya radiologi mendapati indeks kesetaraan radium berada di bawah nilai had yang dicadangkan iaitu 370 Bq kg^-1. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini mendapati penggunaan Condisoil® sebagai bahan penambahbaikan tanah tidak menyebabkan pertambahan radionuklid tabii ke dalam alam sekitar serta tidak mendatangkan risiko bahaya radiologi kepada manusia.

Kata kunci: Bahaya radiologi; Condisoil®; radionuklid tabii; sisa industri

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were to determine the natural radioactivity concentrations (226Ra, 228Ra and 40K) in soil, water and plant due to the application of Condisoil®, soil-to-plant transfer factor and radiological hazard index due to the application of Condisoil®. A total of 4 soils, 14 waters and 4 plants samples have been analysed using gamma spectrometry system. The results showed that the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K in soils treated with Condisoil® ranged from 13.8 - 17.6, 15.7 - 21.0 and 44.5 - 57.7 Bq kg^-1, respectively. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K in plants ranged from 5.0 - 18.5, 0.1 - 1.5 and 42.7 - 321.8 Bq kg^-1, respectively. In addition to that, the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K in water was in the ranged of 0.3 - 0.9, 0.3 - 3.9 and 1.4 - 11.6 Bq L^-1, respectively. The soil-to-plant transfer factor for 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K were in the ranged of 0.42 - 0.71, 0.01 - 0.08 and 0.85 - 5.34, respectively. The radiological hazard assessment found that the radium equivalent index was lower than the recommended limit of 370 Bq kg^-1. Therefore, this study concludes that the application of Condisoil® as soil amelioration does not contribute to the accumulation of natural radionuclide in the environment as well as does not pose a significant radiological risk to human.

Keywords: Condisoil®; industrial residue; natural radionuclides; radiological hazard

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: aznan@ukm.edu.my