Sains Malaysiana 48(1)(2019): 103–109

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4801-12

Potensi Anti-Hiperglisemia Lunasia amara dan Kesannya terhadap Parameter Kesuburan Tikus Jantan Teraruh-Diabetes

(Lunasia amara Anti-Hyperglycemic Potential and its Effect towards Fertility Parameters in Diabetes-Induced Male Rat)

NOR-RAIDAH RAHMAT, AMIRA KAMALRUDIN, SHAZRUL FAZRY & MAHANEM MAT NOOR*

Pusat Pengajian Biosains dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 31 Julai 2017/Diterima: 6 September 2018

ABSTRAK

Lunasia amara telah digunakan dalam perubatan tradisi untuk merawat diabetes mellitus. L. amara dilaporkan mampu meningkatkan kesuburan tikus jantan normal pada dos 60 mg/kg berat tubuh. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan potensi ekstrak akuas batang L. amara sebagai agen anti-hiperglisemia dan keupayaannya mempertingkatkan parameter kesuburan tikus jantan teraruh-diabetes. Tikus teraruh-diabetes dibahagikan kepada enam kumpulan (n=5), masing-masing menerima perlakuan secara suap paksa ekstrak akuas L. amara (dos 60, 120, 250 dan 500 mg/kg berat tubuh), 500 mg/kg berat tubuh metformin dan air suling setiap hari selama tujuh hari. Manakala, kumpulan ke-tujuh merupakan kawalan normal (n=5) tanpa aruhan diabetes yang menerima perlakuan air suling (1 mL/tikus). Berdasarkan hasil kajian, dos anti-hiperglisemia yang berkesan iaitu 250 dan 500 mg/kg berat tubuh L. amara dipilih untuk melihat pengaruhnya ke atas kualiti sperma dan histologi testis tikus teraruh-diabetes. Hanya tikus teraruh-diabetes dengan perlakuan 500 mg/kg berat tubuh ekstrak L. amara digunakan untuk melihat taburan pengambilan 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oksa-1,3-diazol-4-il)amino)-2-deoksiglukosa (2-NBDG) di dalam testis. Selepas 30 hari perlakuan, tikus teraruh-diabetes dengan perlakuan 250 dan 500 mg/kg berat tubuh L. amara didapati merencat kesemua parameter kesuburan jantan yang dikaji walaupun berkesan dalam menurunkan aras glukosa darah. Perlakuan dengan dos 500 mg/kg berat tubuh L. amara juga tidak berupaya menggalakkan pengambilan 2-NBDG ke dalam sel testis tikus teraruh-diabetes berbanding kumpulan kawalan. Ini menunjukkan mekanisme anti-hiperglisemia L. amara tidak melibatkan pembaikan fungsi insulin daripada segi pengambilan 2-NBDG ke dalam testis serta tidak mampu menyumbang kepada pembaikan parameter kesuburan tikus jantan teraruh-diabetes.

Kata kunci: 2-NBDG; diabetes mellitus; kesuburan jantan; Lunasia amara

ABSTRACT

Lunasia amara has been used in folk medicine to treat diabetes mellitus. It has been reported to have pro-fertility effects in normal male rats at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. This study was conducted to investigate the potential of L. amara aqueous extract as an anti-hyperglycemic agent and its ability to improve fertility parameters in diabetes-induced male rats. Six groups (n=5) of diabetes-induced rats were force-fed with L. amara aqueous extract (60, 120, 250, and 500 mg/kg body weight), 500 mg/kg body weight metformin, and distilled water, respectively, for seven consecutive days. Whereas, the seventh group is the normal control (n=5) without diabetic induction given distilled water (1 mL/rat). Doses of 250, and 500 mg/kg body weight L. amara extract were found to be effective for anti-hyperglycemic activity when given to diabetes-induced rats. Hence, only these two doses were used to further study the effect of L. amara on sperm quality and testis histology in diabetes-induced rats. The effect of testicular 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) uptake in diabetes-induced rats was studied only at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight L. amara. After 30 days of treatment, 250, and 500 mg/kg body weight L. amara were both found to inhibit all of the male fertility parameters studied despite their ability to lower the blood glucose level. Furthermore, testicular cells of diabetes-induced rats treated with 500 mg/kg body weight L. amara showed poor 2-NBDG uptake compared to control groups. The findings indicate that the anti-hyperglycemic mechanism of L. amara neither improves insulin function in term of 2-NBDG uptake into the testis nor contributes to the improvement of male fertility parameters in diabetes-induced rats.

Keywords: 2-NBDG; diabetes mellitus; Lunasia amara; male fertility

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: mahanem@ukm.edu.my