Sains Malaysiana 48(2)(2019): 259–269

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4802-01

 

Influence of Oceanographic Parameters on the Seasonal Potential Fishing Grounds of Rastrelliger kanagurta using Maximum Entropy Models and Remotely Sensed Data

(Pengaruh Parameter Oseanografi terhadap Kawasan Potensi Musiman Penangkapan Ikan Rastrelliger kanagurta menggunakan Model Entropi Maksimum dan Data Satelit)

 

S.M. YUSOP & M.A. MUSTAPHA*

 

School of Environmental and Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 9 Mac 2018/Diterima: 14 September 2018

 

ABSTRACT

Understanding of the spatial distribution of fish habitats is crucial in order to achieve optimum fishing and to increase efficiency of marine resource management. In this study, seasonal potential suitability habitat model for Rastrelliger kanagurta off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia was derived using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) by utilizing fishing locations and environmental parameters from remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST) and chl-a concentration (chl-a) data. The influence of environmental parameters on the formation of the potential fishing zones was also determined. The results showed that all the seasonal models performed significantly better than random with AUC > 0.80, which indicated that the constructed models were applicable with ‘good’ to ‘excellent’ predictive accuracy. The model also showed that chl-a influenced R. kanagurta’s potential fishing ground during northeast and intermediate monsoon of October. Meanwhile, SST contributed more in defining the potential fishing grounds during southwest and intermediate monsoon period of April. The seasonal and spatial extents of potential fishing grounds were largely explained by chl-a (0.32-0.42 mg/m3 during northeast, 0.27-0.66 mg/m3 in April, 0.21-0.30 mg/m3 during southwest monsoon and 0.22-0.39 mg/m3 in October) and SST (29.05-29.94oC during northeast monsoon, 31.18-31.47oC in April, 31.17-31.48oC during southwest monsoon and 30.34-31.11oC in October). This indicated that seasonal changes in oceanographic parameters influenced spatial distribution of fish. The results also demonstrated the applicability and potential of MaxEnt in determination of potential fishing grounds and describing the influence of oceanographic factors on the formation of the area.

 

Keywords: chl-a; habitat suitability map (HSM); MaxEnt; seasonal distribution; SST

ABSTRAK

Memahami taburan reruang habitat ikan adalah penting untuk mencapai penangkapan optimum dan meningkatkan kecekapan pengurusan sumber laut. Dalam kajian ini, model potensi kesesuaian habitat musiman bagi Rastrelliger kanagurta di pantai timur Semenanjung Malaysia diperoleh melalui model entropi maksimum (MaxEnt) dengan menggunakan lokasi penangkapan dan parameter persekitaran suhu permukaan laut (SPL) dan kepekatan klorofil-a (chl-a) daripada data penderiaan jauh. Pengaruh parameter persekitaran terhadap pembentukan zon potensi perikanan juga ditentukan. Hasil model MaxEnt menunjukkan bahawa semua model musiman adalah jauh lebih baik daripada rawak pada AUC> 0.80 yang menunjukkan bahawa model yang dibina sesuai dengan ketepatan ramalan ‘baik’ ke ‘cemerlang’. Keputusan daripada model ini juga menunjukkan bahawa kepekatan chl-a lebih mempengaruhi kawasan potensi perikanan R. kanagurta semasa monsun timur laut dan monsun peralihan pada bulan Oktober. Sementara itu, SPL mempengaruhi penentuan kawasan potensi perikanan semasa musim monsun barat daya dan monsun peralihan pada bulan April. Sebahagian besar kawasan potensi perikanan diasosiasikan dengan chl-a (0.32-0.42 mg/m3 semasa monsun timur laut, 0.27-0.66 mg/m3 pada bulan April, 0.21-0.30 mg/m3 semasa monsun barat daya dan 0.22-0.39 mg/m3 pada bulan Oktober) dan SPL (29.05-29.94oC semasa monsun timur laut, 31.18-31.47oC pada bulan April, 31.17-31.48oC semasa monsun barat daya dan 30.34-31.11oC pada bulan Oktober). Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa perubahan musiman bagi parameter oseanografi mempengaruhi taburan reruang ikan. Keputusan kajian juga menunjukkan kebolehan dan potensi MaxEnt dalam penentuan kawasan potensi perikanan dan menjelaskan pengaruh faktor oseanografi terhadap pembentukan kawasan tersebut.

 

Kata kunci: Klorofil-a; MaxEnt; peta kesesuaian habitat; SPL; taburan bermusim

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: muzz@ukm.edu.my