Sains Malaysiana 48(2)(2019): 353–359

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4802-12

 

Hak Pesakit bagi Melaksanakan Arahan Awal Perubatan (AMD): Suatu Gambaran Umum

(Patient's Right to Implement an Advance Medical Directive (AMD): An Overview)

 

MOHD ZAMRE MOHD ZAHIR1*, TENGKU NOOR AZIRA TENGKU ZAINUDIN1, HANIWARDA YAAKOB1, RAMALINGGAM RAJAMANICKAM1, HUSYAIRI HARUNARASHID2, AHMAD AZAM MOHD SHARIFF1, ZAINUNNISAA ABD RAHMAN1 & MUHAMMAD HATTA3

 

1Fakulti Undang-undang, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

2Tuanku Muhriz Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

 

3Fakulti Undang-Undang, Universitas Malikussaleh, Acheh, Indonesia

 

Diserahkan: 1 Jun 2017/Diterima: 21 Februari 2018

 

ABSTRAK

Setiap pesakit berhak menentukan apa yang beliau mahu atau tidak mahu dilakukan ke atas tubuh badan mereka. Perbincangan tentang hak pesakit bagi meneruskan atau meninggalkan rawatan perubatan akan memberi kesan kepada hak mereka untuk kekal hidup atau tidak. Huraian tentang hak pesakit telah dinyatakan dalam Piagam Pesakit, Persatuan Perubatan Malaysia (MMA). Dalam keadaan ini, keizinan pesakit menjadi faktor penting sama ada doktor dibenarkan meneruskan rawatan perubatan terhadap pesakit atau tidak. Arahan Awal Perubatan (AMD) adalah satu dokumen khusus bagi menyatakan kehendak pesakit berkeupayaan sama ada ingin meneruskan atau meninggalkan rawatan perubatan tentang pelan perubatan masa hadapannya sekiranya beliau menjadi tidak berkeupayaan. Rujukan di England dibuat dan keputusannya mendapati bahawa terdapat suatu peruntukan perundangan khusus berhubung dengan AMD. Berbanding dengan Malaysia, AMD masih dianggap bukan perkara lazim dan kedudukannya dalam aspek perundangan masih tidak jelas. Maka, objektif artikel ini adalah membincangkan hak-hak pesakit dewasa dengan mengambil kira AMD di Malaysia dan asas undang-undang yang berkaitan dengannya. Metod yang digunakan di dalam artikel ini adalah kualitatif. Keputusan daripada penulisan kertas ini dapat memberi gambaran yang lebih jelas tentang hak pesakit dewasa berhubung dengan perlaksanaan AMD di Malaysia.

 

Kata kunci: Arahan Awal Perubatan (AMD); autonomi; hak pesakit; keizinan; rawatan perubatan

 

ABSTRACT

Every patient has the right to indicate what he wants or does not want performed on his body. The discussion about the patient’s right to continue or refuse his medical treatment will affect his right to remain alive or not. A description of the patient’s right set out in the Charter of Patients of Malaysian Medical Association (MMA). In this case, the consent of the patient is a crucial factor whether the doctors are allowed to continue medical treatment or not. Advance Medical Directive (AMD) is a special document to express the will of a competent patient whether to continue or refuse medical treatment of his future medical plan once he became incompetent. Reference is made in England and as a result has found that there is a specific provision in relation to AMD. By comparing to Malaysia, AMD is not considered a matter of common and its position in the legal aspect is still unclear. Thus, the objective of this article was to discuss the rights of adult patients with regard to AMD in Malaysia and the legal basis related to it. The methods used in this paper is qualitative. The results of this paper is hope to give a clearer picture on the right of adult patients related to the implementation of AMD in Malaysia.

 

Keywords: Advance Medical Directive (AMD); autonomy; consent; medical treatment; patient’s right

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: zamrezahir7@gmail.com

 

 

 

 
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