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Sains Malaysiana 48(3)(2019): 653–659
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4803-19
Effect
of Alkaline Treatment on Structural Characterisation, Thermal Degradation and
Water Absorption Ability of Coir Fibre Polymer Composites
(Kesan Rawatan
Alkali terhadap Pencirian Struktur, Degradasi Terma dan Keupayaan
Serapan Air bagi Komposit Polimer Serabut Sabut Kelapa)
BEEN SEOK YEW1*, MARTINI MUHAMAD1, SAIFUL BAHRI MOHAMED1 & FWEN HOON WEE2
1Faculty
of Innovative Design & Technology, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21030
Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
2School
of Computer and Communication, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis
Indera Kayangan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 4 September 2018/Diterima: 3 Januari 2019
ABSTRACT
The alkaline treatment with 5 wt. % sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
solution at room temperature for 24 and 48 h was performed on coir fibre. The
structural characterisation, thermal degradation and water absorption ability
of the untreated and NaOH-treated coir fibre polymer composites have been
studied. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that coir
fibres treated with NaOH have rough surface texture and the roughness of the
fibre surface becomes significant as the duration of the NaOH treatment
increased. Fourier transform
infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed that NaOH treatment removed
hemicelluloses as evidenced by the absence of absorption bands at 1724.36 cm-1 and
changes the absorption intensity at bands 1244.09 cm-1and
1249.87 cm-1 due to the loss of lignin. NaOH-treated coir fibre
composites demonstrated better thermal stability at low temperature
degradation. At high temperature, the thermal stability was reduced due to the
decreased of residual lignin content. The water absorption of the NaOH-treated
coir fibre composites was lower than untreated coir composite contributed by
better interfacial adhesion between the NaOH-treated coir fibre to epoxy resin.
Keywords: Coir fibre; NaOH; polymer
ABSTRAK
Rawatan alkali dengan kepekatan 5 % bt. larutan natrium hidroksida
(NaOH) pada suhu bilik selama 24 dan 48 jam telah dibuat terhadap sabut kelapa.
Pencirian struktur, degradasi termal dan keupayaan serapan air terhadap
komposit polimer sabut kelapa tidak dirawat dan sabut kelapa dirawat-NaOH telah
dikaji. Imej daripada mikroskop elektron imbasan (SEM)
menunjukkan sabut kelapa dirawat-NaOH mempunyai permukaan yang kesat dan
kekesatan permukaan sabut kelapa menjadi ketara dengan penambahan tempoh
rawatan alkali. Spektra transformasi Fourier inframerah (FTIR) mengesahkan bahawa
rawatan NaOH menyingkirkan kandungan hemiselulosa yang dibuktikan oleh
ketiadaan jalur 1724.36 cm-1 serta mengubah keamatan jalur
1244.09 dan 1249.87 cm-1 yang disebabkan oleh kehilangan
lignin. Komposit polimer sabut kelapa dirawat-NaOH menunjukkan kestabilan
termal pada degradasi suhu rendah. Pada degradasi suhu yang tinggi, kestabilan
termal berkurang disebabkan oleh penurunan kandungan sisa lignin. Serapan air
oleh komposit polimer sabut kelapa dirawat-NaOH adalah lebih rendah daripada
komposit polimer sabut kelapa tidak dirawat disebabkan oleh lekatan yang lebih
baik antara sabut kelapa terawat dan matriks polimer.
Kata kunci: NaOH; polimer; serabut sabut kelapa
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: bseokyew@gmail.com
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