Sains Malaysiana 48(9)(2019): 1823–1832

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4809-03

Analysis and Application of Backfill Mining in Thin Coal Seams for Preventing Building Damage

(Analisis dan Aplikasi Perlombongan Kambus Balik dalam Jalur Arang Batu Nipis untuk Mencegah Kerosakan Bangunan)

ERHU BAI^1,2,3*, WENBING GUO^1,2, MININGJIE GUO^1,3, GAOZHONG LOU⁴ & YI TAN^1,2,3

¹School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 454000 Jiaozuo, Henan, China

²State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining, 102211 Beijing, China

³Synergism Innovative Centre of Coal Safety Production in Henan Province, 454000 Jiaozuo, Henan, China

⁴School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, 455000 Anyang, Henan, China

Diserahkan: 6 November 2018/Diterima: 1 Jun 2019

ABSTRACT

As coal resources trapped under surface buildings impede the efficient mining of coal seams and constrain the sustainable development of coal mines, a super-high-water backfill mining technique for preventing building damage was adopted. According to the established model of equivalent mining height (EMH), the influence factors were obtained. Afterwards, a measurement to improve the backfill rate was analyzed based on the slurry fluidity. Meanwhile, the relationships between the backfill body compression and its influence factors were studied by numerical simulation. In this way, a more accurate EMH was obtained. To prove this trial practicable, the obtained EMH and the probability integral method were used to predict the surface movement and deformation of the C7401 panel. At the same time, a surface movement observation was set up to observe the mining influence on the surface ground and buildings. The comparison between the predicted and measured data indicated that they corresponded well with each other, the surface movement and deformation values were all controlled within grade I, which protected the surface buildings. Moreover, by applying the super-high-water backfill mining technique, not only building damage has been controlled within Grade I, but the impact on the ecological environment has been reduced also, such as surface subsidence, groundwater leakage and groundwater lowering, which is in harmony with the construction of green mines. The practical trial can provide a reference for mining under similar conditions and is vital for the sustainable development of the mining industry and economic growth.

Keywords: Backfill mining; environment protection; overburden movement; surface subsidence; thin coal seam

ABSTRAK

Disebabkan sumber arang batu terperangkap di bawah bangunan permukaan, hal ini menghalang perlombongan arang batu yang cekap dan mengekang pembangunan lestari lombong arang batu, perlombongan secara kambus balik air super-tinggi diterima pakai. Menurut model ketinggian perlombongan setara (EMH), faktor pengaruh diperoleh. Selepas itu, langkah untuk meningkatkan kadar pengisian semula dianalisis berdasarkan kecairan buburan. Sementara itu, hubungan antara mampatan badan pengisian semula dan faktor pengaruhnya dikaji secara terperinci dengan menggunakan simulasi berangka. Dengan cara ini, EMH yang lebih tepat diperoleh. Untuk membuktikan bahawa kaedah ini dapat dijalankan, EMH yang diperoleh dan kaedah integral kebarangkalian digunakan untuk meramalkan pergerakan permukaan dan canggaan panel C7401. Pada masa yang sama, pergerakan permukaan diperhatikan untuk melihat pengaruh perlombongan terhadap permukaan tanah dan bangunan. Berdasarkan perbandingan antara data yang diramalkan dengan yang diukur, ia menunjukkan bahawa mereka bersesuaian antara satu sama lain, iaitu, nilai pergerakan dan canggaan permukaan semuanya dikawal dalam gred I, yang melindungi bangunan permukaan. Lebih-lebih lagi, dengan menggunakan perlombongan sumber air super-tinggi, satu siri masalah alam sekitar ekologi yang disebabkan oleh aktiviti perlombongan dapat dikurangkan. Percubaan praktikal boleh digunakan sebagai rujukan untuk perlombongan dalam keadaan yang sama dan sangat penting untuk pembangunan lestari industri perlombongan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi.

Kata kunci: Jalur arang nipis; penenggelaman permukaan; pergerakan tanah beban; perlindungan persekitaran; perlombongan pengisian semula

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: 111502010003@home.hpu.edu.cn