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Sains Malaysiana 48(9)(2019):
1841–1853
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4809-05
Molecular Markers and
Their Application in Fusarium Wilt Studies in Musa spp.
(Penanda Molekul dan Aplikasinya
dalam Kajian Layu Fusarium pada Musa spp.)
IVAN KABIITA ARINAITWE1,2,4, CHEE HOW TEO4, FATIMAH KAYAT3, ROBOONI TUMUHIMBISE2, BRIGITTE UWIMANA5, JEROME KUBIRIBA2, JENNIFER ANN HARIKRISHNA1,4 & ROFINA YASMIN OTHMAN1*
1Institute of Biological Sciences (Genetics), Faculty of Sciences,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
2National Banana Research Program, National Agricultural Research
Organization, Kampala, Uganda
3Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kampus Jeli, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan
Darul Naim, Malaysia
4Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR),
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
5International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kampala, Uganda
Diserahkan: 21 November 2018/Diterima: 25 Jun 2019
ABSTRACT
Bananas and plantains
(Musa spp.) are an important socio-economic fruit crop
grown worldwide. Their production across the regions where they
are grown is largely hampered by pests and diseases. Fusarium wilt
is a disastrous diseases of bananas caused by the fungal pathogen
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). Managing it
with chemicals, biological control agents and cultural methods is
ineffective. Host plant resistance is the most effective and durable
approach of managing most pest and disease epidemics in most plant
species and could equally be effective in managing Fusarium wilt
in bananas. Crossbreeding as one of the ways to introgress disease
resistance genes and phenotyping for biotic and abiotic stresses
currently used in banana breeding is apparently difficult to apply
because of banana’s low fertility, gigantic size, and long-life
cycle which prolongs its breeding cycle. There is, therefore, a
need to apply molecular markers in banana genetic improvement for
Fusarium wilt resistance because of their accuracy, speed, robustness
and effectiveness of operation. The objective of this article was
to review and discuss molecular markers that have been successfully
used in studying Fusarium wilt in bananas and some other important
crops. Molecular markers discussed in this article include Random
Amplified Polymorphic DNA, Sequence Characterized Amplified
Region, Simple Sequence Repeat, Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat, and
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. The information discussed in this
article informs future decisions to identify suitable marker systems
for fine mapping of target regions and accelerated identification
of quantitative trait loci for Foc resistance in bananas.
Keywords: Banana; Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense; molecular markers; quantitative
trait loci; resistance
ABSTRAK
Pisang dan plantain (Musa spp.) adalah tanaman buah-buahan sosio-ekonomi penting
yang berkembang di seluruh dunia. Pengeluarannya merentasi sempadan
dengan sebahagian besar penanamannya dibantutkan oleh penyakit dan
perosak. Layu Fusarium adalah sejenis penyakit pisang yang
disebabkan oleh kulat patogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense
(Foc). Kaedah mengawal penyakit ini dengan menggunakan bahan
kimia, agen kawalan biologi atau kaedah kultur tidak berkesan.
Kerintangan tumbuhan perumah adalah pendekatan yang paling berkesan
dan bertahan lama untuk mengawal wabak penyakit dan perosak dalam
kebanyakan spesies tumbuhan dan berkesan dalam menguruskan layu
Fusarium pada pisang. Pembiakbakaan kacukan merupakan salah satu
cara untuk introgres gen rintangan penyakit dan fenotip bagi tegasan
biotik dan abiotiknya yang digunakan dalam penanaman pisang namun
teknik ini sukar untuk diaplikasikan kerana kesuburan pisang yang
rendah, saiz yang besar dan hayat kitaran yang panjang yang turut
memanjangkan kitaran pembiakannya. Oleh itu, ada keperluan
untuk menggunakan penanda molekul dalam meningkatkan genetik pisang
untuk menghalang layu Fusarium kerana ketepatan, kelajuan, keteguhan
dan keberkesanan operasinya. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk meneliti
dan membincangkan penanda molekul yang telah berjaya digunakan dalam
mengkaji layu Fusarium pisang dan sesetengah tanaman lain yang penting.
Penanda molekul yang dibincangkan dalam kertas ini merangkumi DNA Polimorfik
Rawak Teramplifikasi, Rantau Jujukan Pencirian Teramplifikasi, Pengulangan
Jujukan Mudah, Pengulangan Jujukan Inter-Mudah dan Polimorfisme
Nukleotida Tunggal. Maklumat yang dibincangkan dalam kajian ini
menunjukkan keputusan pada masa depan dalam mengenal pasti sistem
penanda sesuai bagi pemetaan kawasan sasaran lengkap dan pemecutan
pengenalpastian lokus khi kuantitatif untuk rintangan Foc dalam
pisang.
Kata kunci: Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense; lokus khi kuantitatif; penanda
molekul; pisang; rintangan RUJUKAN
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: yasmin@um.edu.my
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