Sains Malaysiana 49(11)(2020): 2745-2754

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4911-13

Perbandingan Hasil Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv MT1) menggunakan Kompos Tandan Buah Kosong (EFB) dan Kompos Najis Lembu sebagai Medium Penanaman

(Comparison of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv MT1) Yield using Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and Cow Manure Compost as Planting Medium)

AISHAH ELIAS, SAFIYYAH SHAHIMI, HASLANIZA HASHIM, SAHILAH ABD. MUTALIB* & WAN AIDA WAN MUSTAPHA

Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 31 Oktober 2019/Diterima: 8 Jun 2020

ABSTRAK

Kajian dalam rumah kaca telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan pestisid, kompos dan baja terhadap hasil tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv MT1) bermula dari April sehingga Disember 2015. Reka bentuk uji kaji yang digunakan semasa penanaman pokok tomato adalah ‘split-split plot’. Faktor yang diambil kira terbahagi kepada tiga peringkat dengan faktor utama merupakan kesan pestisid, faktor peringkat dua ialah rawatan baja dan faktor peringkat tiga ialah jenis kompos. Sejumlah enam belas (n=16) rawatan telah diberikan iaitu T1 sehingga T16. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan ketinggian pokok tertinggi bagi setiap bulan adalah daripada perlakuan yang berbeza manakala dari segi berat, didapati T10 menghasilkan berat daun paling tinggi (200.0 g), T6 menunjukkan berat batang yang paling tinggi (261.3 g) dan T3 menunjukkan berat akar yang paling tinggi (91.0 g). Perlakuan T12 (73.0 cm) menunjukkan nilai paling tinggi bagi panjang akar manakala saiz daun yang paling besar ditunjukkan oleh T11 (48.0 cm²). T15 menunjukkan berat buah yang tertinggi (560.3 g) dan bilangan buah bagi setiap pokok (32 buah) secara signifikan (p<0.05) tetapi tidak signifikan (p>0.05) dalam diameter buah (30.47 mm). Walau bagaimanapun, T12 menunjukkan nilai yang tidak signifikan (p>0.05) bagi berat buah (532.5 g) dan bilangan buah (17 buah) tetapi signifikan (p<0.05) bagi diameter buah (39.61 mm). Oleh itu, dalam kajian ini menunjukkan rawatan T15 (pestisid organik, kompos najis lembu sebagai medium penanaman dan baja kimia dan organik) menghasilkan jumlah berat dan bilangan yang signifikan (p<0.05) dalam buah tomato.

Kata kunci: Hasil dan baja; kompos tandan buah kosong (EFB); kompos najis lembu; penanaman; tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv MT1)

ABSTRACT

A glasshouse study was conducted to study the effect of pesticides, type of compost, and different treatment of fertilizer on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv MT1) yield from April to December 2015. The tomato plants were tested using split-split plot experimental design. The effect of pesticides was the main factor, the sub factor was different treatment of fertilizers and sub-sub factor was types of compost. A total of sixteen (n=16) treatments were designed namely as T1 to T16. The results showed that the highest plant height for every month were from different treatments while highest leaf weight was shown by T10 (200.0 g), highest stem weight was by T6 (261.3 g) and highest root weight was T3 (91.0 g). Longest root was shown by T12 (73.0 cm) while widest leaf area showed by T11 (48 cm²) and T3 (19.78 cm²) significantly (p<0.05). T15 showed significantly (p<0.05) highest of total fruit weight (560.3 g) and number of fruits per plant (32 fruits), but not significant (p>0.05) in fruit diameter (30.47 mm). Although T12 showed not significant (p>0.05) for total fruit weight (532.5 g) and total fruit per plant (17 fruits) but significant (p<0.05) in the fruit diameter (39.61 mm). Thus, this study demonstrated the combination treatment on tomato plant for T15 (organic pesticide, cow manure as medium of growth and chemical and organic fertilizer) produced significant (p<0.05) yield total weight and fruit count of tomato fruits.

Keywords: Cow manure compost; empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost; growth; tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv MT1); yield and fertilizer

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: sahilah@ukm.edu.my