Sains Malaysiana 49(1)(2020): 11-18

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4901-02

Genetic Variability for Ginning Outturn and Association among Fiber Quality Traits in an Upland Cotton Global Germplasm Collection

(Variasi Genetik untuk Hasil Kasar Gin dan Perkaitan antara Sifat Kualiti Gentian pada Pengumpulan Germplasma Sejagat Kapas Tanah Tinggi)

KHEZIR HAYAT¹ & ADEM BARDAK²*

¹Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan

²Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, 46100 Kahramanmaras, Turkey

Diserahkan: 25 Mac 2019/Diterima: 18 Oktober 2019

ABSTRACT

Gossypium genus is the main source of natural fiber all over the world. Limitations in conventional breeding program for genetic improvement are due to the complexity and limited knowledge about economically important traits. A diverse germplasm was screened at East Mediterranean Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute of Kahramanmaras and at farmer field in Diyarbakir Turkey during 2016 to assess variation for ginning outturn and fiber quality. The gene pool was consisted of global collections namely Acala Maxa, Fibermax810 and Stoneville-453 derived from USA, Delcerro (Venezuela), Carmen (Australia), Taskent-6, Samarkand Uzbek (Uzbekistan), Allepo-40 (Syria), Albania-6172 (Albania), Lachata, Nata (Spain), NSCH777 (India) and elite cultivars from Turkey including Carla, Nazilli84S, Ozbek142 and Fantom. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among genotypes for all traits on pooled data basis. Correlation analysis showed significant relationship among fiber traits such as fiber length, fiber strength and micronaire. It was concluded that some genotypes can be used as potential parents in breeding such as AB-80 and BA440 for increasing lint percentage, YB-230 and Flora for fiber length, and Delcerro and Menderes for fiber strength.

Keywords: Correlation; cotton; fiber quality; germplasm; variation

ABSTRAK

Genus Gossypium adalah sumber utama serat semula jadi di seluruh dunia. Keterbatasan dalam program pembiakan konvensional untuk penambahbaikan genetik adalah disebabkan oleh kerumitan dan pengetahuan terhad tentang ciri penting daripada segi ekonomi. Pelbagai germplasma telah disaring di Institut Kajian Pertanian Zon Peralihan Mediterranean Timur di Kahramanmaras dan di ladang petani di Diyarbakir Turki pada tahun 2016 untuk menilai variasi untuk hasil kasar gin dan kualiti gentian. Koleksi gen ini terdiri daripada koleksi global seperti Acala Maxa, Fibermax810 dan Stoneville-453 yang berasal dari Amerika Syarikat, Delcerro (Venezuela), Carmen (Australia), Taskent-6, Samarkand Uzbek (Uzbekistan), Allepo-40 (Syria) 6172 (Albania), Lachata, Nata (Sepanyol), NSCH777 (India) dan kultivar elit dari Turki termasuk Carla, Nazilli84S, Ozbek142 dan Fantom. Analisis varians menunjukkan perbezaan yang sangat signifikan antara genotip untuk semua sifat berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara ciri gentian seperti panjang gentian, kekuatan gentian dan mikronaire. Adalah disimpulkan bahawa sesetengah genotip boleh digunakan sebagai potensi induk dalam pembiakbakaan seperti AB-80 dan BA440 untuk meningkatkan peratusan benang, YB-230 dan Flora untuk panjang gentian serta Delcerro dan Menderes untuk kekuatan gentian.

Kata kunci: Germplasma; kapas; korelasi; kualiti gentian; variasi

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: adembardak@ksu.edu.tr