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Sains
Malaysiana 50(10)(2021): 2885-2898
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5010-04
The Diet of a Roosting Population of Asian Glossy
Starling Aplonis panayensis in Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
(Diet bagi Populasi Bermalam Perling Mata Merah Aplonis
panayensis di Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia)
NOORUL EZYAN NOR HASHIM1, MOHAMMAD SAIFUL MANSOR2,
NURUL ASHIKIN ABDULLAH1 & ROSLI RAMLI1*
1Institute of Biological Sciences,
Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
2Department of Biological Sciences
and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 16 Julai 2020/Diterima: 5 Februari 2021
ABSTRACT
Communal
roosting by urban birds, such as crows, mynas, and starlings, can be a public
nuisance due to excessive noise and fouling of the surroundings with droppings.
Food availability within proximity to the roosting area is one of the key
factors influencing roosting site preference and fidelity. The diets of
roosting mynas and crows have been well-studied, yet little is known about the
diet of the Asian glossy starling (AGS), Aplonis panayensis. This study focused on assessing
the diet of roosting AGS and food resource availability around the roosting
area. The AGS diet was assessed through microscopic analysis of stomach
contents and droppings. The diet mainly consisted of fruits (76%) with a minor
component of animal materials, i.e. ants, snails, and beetle larvae. Intact
seeds found in the samples were identified using DNA barcoding. Seven out of
the nine plant species detected were new records for the AGS diet. The most
common fruit found in the samples was Trema orientalis, which grows
extensively along roadsides within foraging areas of AGS. The availability of
fruits of different fast-growing pioneer species around the roosting site
ensured a continuous supply of food to the birds. Animal materials, which were
consumed by chance during foraging, supplemented the fruit in the bird’s diet.
Hence, the birds’ preference for the roosting site may have been influenced by
the availability of various food resources around it.
Keywords:
Dietary variation; DNA barcoding; pest bird; roosting; starlings
Bermalam
secara berkumpulan oleh burung bandar seperti gagak, tiong dan perling boleh
mengganggu orang awam dengan bunyi bising dan mencemarkan persekitaran dengan
najis burung. Sumber makanan yang banyak di sekitar kawasan bermalam menjadi
satu faktor penarik kepada burung untuk bermalam di sesuatu kawasan. Kajian
diet burung gagak dan tiong bermalam telah banyak dilakukan tetapi hanya
sedikit maklumat pemakanan Perling Mata Merah Aplonis panayensis yang dikaji.
Kajian ini menumpukan kepada penilaian diet Perling Mata Merah yang bermalam di
kawasan kajian untuk mengenal pasti sumber makanan yang ada di sekitarnya.
Penilaian diet burung ini dilakukan melalui analisis mikroskopik kandungan
perut dan najis. Diet utama Perling Mata Merah adalah buah-buahan (76%) di
samping sejumlah kecil kandungan haiwan seperti semut, siput dan larva kumbang.
Pengecaman lanjut biji benih buah yang dijumpai di dalam sampel diet dilakukan
melalui teknik pengekodan DNA. Daripada sembilan spesies tumbuhan yang dikenal
pasti, tujuh spesies merupakan rekod baharu untuk diet Perling Mata Merah. Buah
daripada pokok Trema orientalis adalah yang paling banyak dijumpai di
dalam diet dan tumbuhan ini didapati tumbuh secara meluas di pinggir jalan
dalam jarak pencarian makanan oleh Perling Mata Merah. Pokok-pokok perintis ini
mempunyai pertumbuhan yang cepat dan menghasilkan sumber buah-buahan yang
banyak kepada Perling Mata Merah. Sumber haiwan yang diambil secara kebetulan
oleh Perling Mata Merah semasa memakan buah adalah diet tambahan kepada burung ini.
Oleh itu, pemilihan kawasan bermalam oleh Perling Mata Merah boleh dipengaruhi
oleh ketersediaan pelbagai sumber makanan di sekitar kawasan tersebut.
Kata kunci: Bermalam; burung perosak; perling;
pengekodan DNA; variasi diet
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: rosliramli@um.edu.my
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