Sains Malaysiana 50(2)(2021): 373-381

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5002-09

Degradation of Nonylphenol Ethoxylate-10 (NPE-10) by Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation (MEO) Technology

(Degradasi Nonilfenol Etoksilat-10 (NPE-10) oleh Teknologi Gerak Balas Pengoksidaan Elektrokimia (MEO))

HENRY SETIYANTO^1,2*, MUHAMMAD. MUSLIM SYAIFULLAH¹, I MADE ADYATMIKA¹, DIAN AYU SETYORINI¹, MUHAMMAD YUDHISTIRA AZIS¹, VIENNA SARASWATY³ & MUHAMMAD ALI ZULFIKAR¹

¹Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

²Center for Defense and Security Research, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

³Research Unit for Clean Technology, Indonesia Institute of Sciences, Bandung, Indonesia

Diserahkan: 2 Januari 2020/Diterima: 12 Julai 2020

ABSTRACT

Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE-10) is a non-ionic surfactant that is synthesized from alkylphenol ethoxylate. The accumulation of NPE-10 in wastewater will endanger the ecosystem as well as the human being. Nowadays, NPE-10 can be degraded indirectly by using an electrochemical treatment by the advancement of technology. Thus, this study is aimed to evaluate the electro-degradation potential of NPE-10 by MEO using Ce(IV) ionic mediator. In addition, the influence of Ag(I) ionic catalyst in the performance of MEO for the degradation of NPE-10 was also observed. The potency of MEO technology in the NPE-10 degradation was evaluated by voltammetry technique and confirmed by titrimetry and LC-MS analysis. The results showed that in the absence of Ag(I) ionic catalyst, the degradation of NPE-10 by MEO was 85.93%. Furthermore, when the Ag(I) ionic catalyst was applied, the performance of MEO in degradation of NPE-10 was improved to 95.12%. The back titration using Ba(OH)₂ confirmed the formation of CO₂ by 46.79%, whereas the redox titration shows the total of degradation organic compounds by 42.50%. It was emphasized by the formation of two new peaks in the LC-MS chromatogram. In summary, our results confirmed the potential of MEO technology for the NPE-10 degradation.

Keywords: Ag(II) catalyst ion; Ce(IV) mediator ion; degradation; mediated electrochemical oxidation; NPE-10

ABSTRAK

Nonilfenol etoksilat (NPE-10) merupakan bahan surfaktan tidak berion yang disintesiskan daripada alkil fenoletoksilat. Pengumpulan NPE-10 dalam air buangan akan membahayakan ekosistem dan juga manusia. Hari ini, NPE-10 dapat digradasikan secara tidak langsung dengan penggunaan rawatan elektrokimia oleh teknologi yang maju. Oleh itu, kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji potensi degradasi elektro terhadap bahan NPE-10 oleh teknologi MEO dan menggunakan ion Ce(IV) sebagai bahan perantara. Selain itu, pengaruh pemangkin ion Ag(I) dalam prestasinya kepada teknologi MEO untuk degradasi NPE-10 diperhati. Potensi teknologi MEO dalam degradasi NPE-10 telah dinilai daripada teknik voltammetri dan disahkan dengan kaedah titrimetri dan analisis LC-MS. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa dengan ketiadaan pemangkin ion Ag(I), prestasi degradasi NPE-10 melalui teknologi MEO adalah 85.93%. Selain itu, apabila pemangkin ion Ag (I) digunakan, potensi MEO untuk degradasi NPE-10 ditingkatkan kepada 95.12%. Pentitratan balik menggunakan Ba(OH)₂ mengesahkan bahawa terdapat penghasilan CO₂ sebanyak 46.79%, sedangkan titrasi redoks menunjukkan jumlah sebatian organik yang digradasi sebanyak 42.50%. Jumlah degradasi ini ditekankan dengan penghasilan dua puncak daripada analisis kromatogram LC-MS. Secara kesimpulannya, keputusan kajian kami sah bahawa potensi teknologi MEO dalam degradasi NPE-10.

Kata kunci: Degradasi; ion perantara Ce(IV); gerak balas pengoksidaan elektrokimia; NPE-10; pemangkin ion Ag(II)

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: henry@chem.itb.ac.id