Sains Malaysiana 50(8)(2021): 2419-2431

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5008-23

Pemegunan Bahan Radioaktif dalam Enap Cemar Minyak menggunakan Kaca sebagai Kaedah Alternatif

(Solidification of Radioactive Materials in Oil Sludge using Glass as Alternative Method)

NUR SYUHADA IZZATI RUZALI¹, NURSHAHIRAH ALWI¹, MOHD IDZAT IDRIS^1,2, SYAZWANI MOHD FADZIL^1,2* & ROHYIZA BA’AN³

¹Jabatan Fizik Gunaan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Pusat Penyelidikan Teknologi Nuklear, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³Jabatan Teknologi Sisa dan Persekitaran, Agensi Nuklear Malaysia, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 11 September 2020/Diterima: 15 Disember 2020

ABSTRAK

Enap cemar minyak dikategorikan sebagai bahan radioaktif peringkat rendah dan pelupusan sisa ini menjadi isu penting dalam pengurusan sisa. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menguruskan bahan radioaktif tabii (NORM) yang terkandung dalam sisa enap cemar minyak melalui kaedah pengacaan dan mengkaji kadar larut lesap bahan dipegun sebelum dilupuskan. Kajian mendapati bahawa sisa muatan yang optimum bagi bentuk sisa kaca adalah pada julat 20-25% bt. sisa enap cemar dan 75-80% bt. sisa kaca CRT yang dibakar pada suhu 1200°C. Ujian XRD menunjukkan kesemua bentuk sisa kaca adalah kebanyakannya amorfus dan unsur-unsur bertabur dengan sekata melalui analisis FESEM-EDX. Tambahan pula, pembebasan ternormal adalah rendah dan tidak melebihi nilai penunjuk yang dijadikan rujukan. Bentuk sisa kaca yang terhasil dalam kajian ini menunjukkan kaedah pengacaan boleh menjadi alternatif bagi pelupusan sisa enap cemar minyak yang mengandungi bahan radioaktif.

Kata kunci: Bahan radioaktif tabii; enap cemar minyak; kaca CRT; pemegunan sisa

ABSTRACT

Oil sludge is categorized as a low-level radioactive material and the disposal of waste is a very important issue in the waste management. Therefore, this study aims to manage naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) that contained in oil sludge through vitrification process and investigate the chemical durability of CRT glass before disposal. So, the range of 20-25 wt% of sludge and 75-80 wt% of CRT at 1200°C were the optimum waste loading. All the glass waste form had mostly amorphous phase and the elements were evenly distributed through FESEM-EDX analysis. Furthermore, the chemical durability of CRT was low and below the standard limit. As conclusion, CRT glass is suitable to use in the vitrification process for treating the oil sludge before disposal in Malaysia.

Keywords: CRT glass; NORM; oil sludge; waste solidification

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: syazwanimf@ukm.edu.my