Sains Malaysiana 51(10)(2022): 3143-3151

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5110-02

The Effect of Maggot Formulated Feed on Essential Amino Acids Composition, Digestibility and Growth of Dwarf Snakehead, Channa gachua Fry

(Kesan Makanan Diformulasi Berenga pada Komposisi Asid Amino Penting, Kebolehcernaan dan Pertumbuhan Anak Ikan Haruan Kerdil Channa gachua)

ANIK MARTINAH HARIATI^1,3,*, ATING YUNIARTI^1,3, NASRULLAH BAI ARIFIN^1,3, MUHAMMAD FAKHRI^1,3 & DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA^2,3

¹Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 65145 Malang, East Java, Indonesia

²Laboratory of Ichthyology, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 65145 Malang, East Java, Indonesia 

³Aquatic Biofloc Research Group, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 65145 Malang, East Java, Indonesia

Diserahkan: 18 Februari 2022/Diterima: 10 Mei 2022

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate the influences of maggot formulated feed on growth, digestibility, feed utilization, and body composition of local snakehead Channa gachua. Five practical diets with iso-nitrogenous (40% protein) and caloric level (3.5 kcal g^-1) were determined as 10%, 20%, 30% 40%, and 50% substitution of maggot to fish meal protein. Results demonstrated that replacement of 30% protein from maggot in the diet produced in the highest specific growth rate (4.41 %BW day^-1). These results were in line with feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein utilization (PER) at increasing dietary maggot level from 10% to 30%. Feed digestibility also attained the maximum level at 30% of maggot substitution. Thirty percent protein substitution from maggot meal exhibited the highest growth performance, nutrient utilization, and digestibility than other treatments. Dietary inclusion levels of maggot meal in diet above 30% remarkably influenced the growth, FCR, PER, and digestibility of C. gachua. Regarding feed price concern, the application of maggot meal may potentially be profitable for snakehead’s fry culture.

Keywords: Aquaculture; fish nutrition; haruan; Indonesia; protein replacement

Abstrak

Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk menilai pengaruh makanan diformulasi berenga terhadap pertumbuhan, kecernaan, penggunaan makanan dan komposisi badan ikan haruan tempatan Channa gachua. Lima diet praktikal dengan iso-bernitrogen (40% protein) dan tahap kalori (3.5 kcal g^-1) ditentukan dengan 10%, 20%, 30% 40% dan 50% penggantian berenga kepada protein berasaskan ikan. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa penggantian 30% protein daripada berenga dalam diet menghasilkan kadar pertumbuhan khusus tertinggi (4.41 %BW day^-1). Keputusan ini adalah selaras dengan nisbah penukaran makanan (FCR) dan penggunaan protein (PER) pada peningkatan tahap diet berenga daripada 10% kepada 30%. Kecernaan makanan juga mencapai tahap maksimum pada 30% penggantian berenga. Tiga puluh peratus penggantian protein daripada makanan berenga menunjukkan prestasi pertumbuhan tertinggi, penggunaan nutrien dan kebolehcernaan berbanding rawatan lain. Tahap rangkuman diet makanan berenga dalam diet melebihi 30% sangat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan, FCR, PER, dan kebolehcernaan C. gachua. Berkenaan kebimbangan harga makanan, penggunaan makanan berenga mungkin berpotensi menguntungkan untuk pengkulturan anak ikan haruan.

Kata kunci: Akuakultur; haruan; Indonesia; nutrisi ikan; protein gentian

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^*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: a_hariati@ub.ac.id