Sains Malaysiana 51(10)(2022): 3449-3461

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5110-27

Taburan Parasit Anura dan Indeks Kualiti Air di Kawasan Tasik dan Tanah Bencah Putrajaya

(Distribution of Anuran Parasite and Water Quality Indices at Putrajaya Lake and Wetland)

HANI KARTINI AGUSTAR^1,*, AMATUL HAMIZAH ALI², NORHAYATI AHMAD³ & MUHAMMAD ZULFADHLI NASIRUDDIN LIM¹

¹Department of Earth Science and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 13 Mac 2022/Diterima: 25 Jun 2022

Abstrak

Populasi anura (katak) di sesuatu ekosistem boleh menjadi penunjuk biologi bagi tahap kebersihan. Populasi yang rendah atau kadar kematian anura yang tinggi di sesuatu persekitaran menunjukkan ekosistem kawasan tersebut adalah tidak stabil, contohnya akibat pencemaran air atau kadar jangkitan parasit yang tinggi. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan kepelbagaian spesies anura, mengenal pasti taburan parasit yang menjangkiti anura di kawasan tasik dan Tanah Bencah Putrajaya dan menentukan hubungan antara indeks kualiti air dengan taburan parasit dan anura. Sebanyak 74 ekor katak telah ditangkap sepanjang tempoh persampelan yang tergolong daripada lima famili dan enam spesies yang berbeza. Indeks kepelbagaian Shannon menunjukkan stesen LE, UN, UW, P.7 dan P.10 mempunyai nilai indeks kepelbagaian iaitu 1˗3 bermaksud kepelbagaian spesies anura adalah sederhana. Sebanyak 2437 ekor parasit telah ditemui pada semua 74 ekor katak yang telah dibedah dalam kajian ini. Anggaran 86.5% katak di kawasan Putrajaya telah dijangkiti parasit. Status indeks kualiti air bagi kesemua stesen Putrajaya adalah bersih hingga sederhana bersih (kelas II hingga III). Ujian Kruskal-Wallis mendapati bahawa taburan parasit pada anura di setiap stesen UE, UW, UN, LE, CW, P.7 dan P.10 adalah tidak signifikan (X² =9.28; df=6; p>0.05). Ini bermaksud tiada perbezaan signifikan antara taburan parasit pada anura di setiap kawasan dan jangkitan parasit ini adalah tidak dipengaruhi oleh indeks kualiti air di sesuatu stesen kajian.

Kata kunci: Amfibia; anura; indeks kualiti air; protozoa; taburan parasit; Tanah Bencah Putrajaya; tasik Putrajaya

Abstract

The anuran population in an ecosystem is a good indicator of the cleanliness of the environment. A low anuran population or a high anuran mortality rate in an environment indicates that the ecosystem of the surrounding area is unstable, such as exposure to polluted water or high parasite distribution. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity of anuran species, the distribution of anuran parasites in Putrajaya lake and Wetland Putrajaya, and the relationship between water quality index with the distribution of parasites and anuran. A total of 74 frogs were caught during the sampling period, representing five families and six anuran species. According to the Shannon diversity indices, sampling stations LE, UN, UW, P.7, and P.10 had a diversity index value of 1˗3 indicating that the diversity of anuran species was moderate. A total of 2437 parasites were identified from 74 dissected frogs in this study. Parasites have infected an estimated 86.5% of frogs in the Putrajaya area. The water quality index status for all Putrajaya stations is considered clean to moderately clean (Class II to III). The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the parasite distribution on the anurans at each station UE, UW, UN, LE, CW, P.7, and P.10 was not significant (X² =9.28; df=6; p> 0.05). This means that there is no significant difference in the distribution of parasites on the anurans in each area, and the infection of these parasites is unaffected by the water quality indices at the sampling stations.

Keywords: Amphibians; anuran; parasite distribution; protozoa; Putrajaya lake; water quality index; Wetland Putrajaya

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^*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: hani_ag@ukm.edu.my