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Sains Malaysiana 51(4)(2022):
1017-1026
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5104-06
Clustering of Fifth
Generation Mutants of Genetically - Improved Kipas Putih Soybean with High Protein Content
(Pengelompokan Mutan Generasi Kelima Kacang Soya Kipas Putih Terubah Suai Genetik dengan Kandungan Protein
Tinggi)
ZUYASNA1,*,
ANDARI RISLIAWATI2 & GUNAWAN1
1Agrotechnology
Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala
University, Jl. T.H.Krueng Kalee No3, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
2Indonesian
Centre for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and
Development, Bogor, Indonesia
Diserahkan: 28 Oktober 2020/Diterima: 2 September 2021
Abstract
Kipas Putih is one of the local varieties of soybean from Aceh, Indonesia. To improve the
productivity of this variety, the irradiation mutation technique was applied.
This study aimed to examine the level of genetic diversity in the M5 generation of Kipas Putih soybean
using SSR markers and to identify whether any used markers were associated with
the loci that control the protein content in soybean. A total of 18 SSR markers
were used to amplify the DNA of 11 mutant lines of Kipas Putih. The total alleles detected were
55 alleles which range from 1 to 7 alleles per locus. The average of major
allele’s frequency was 0.71 with the heterogeneity of 0.17. The PIC value
ranged from 0.00 to 0.73 with an average of 0.35. Satt308 was identified as the
most polymorphic marker among others since it had a PIC value greater than
0.70. The genetic distance analysis showed that the mutant lines B4, B10 and
B13 had the furthest genetic distance (0.45) with the Kipas Putih (B0) soybean variety. The
phylogenetic analysis showed Kipas Putih soybean and ten mutants of M5 generation grouped into four main clusters at a similarity coefficient of 0.20.
Furthermore, association analysis showed that only two SSR markers, Satt577 and
Satt431 were significantly associated with protein content with an R2 value
of 0.7855 to 0.9643.
Keywords:
Genetic diversity; mutant lines; phylogenetic;
SSR markers
Abstrak
Kipas Putih adalah sejenis kacang soya tempatan yang berasal dari Aceh, Indonesia. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitinya, teknik mutasi penyinaran telah diaplikasikan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tahap kepelbagaian genetik mutan kacang soya Kipas Putih generasi M5 menggunakan penanda SSR dan untuk menentukan sama ada mana-mana penanda yang digunakan berkorelasi dengan lokus yang mengawal ciri kandungan protein dalam kacang soya. Sebanyak 18 penanda SSR digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi 11 titisan mutan kacang soya Kipas Putih. Jumlah alel yang dikesan adalah 55 alel dengan jarak 1 hingga 7 alel setiap lokus. Purata frekuensi alel dominan adalah 0.71 dengan tahap kepelbagaian 0.17. Nilai PIC berjulat antara 0.00 hingga 0.73 dengan purata 0.35. Satt308 dikenal pasti sebagai penanda yang paling polimorfik berbanding penanda SSR lain memandangkan nilai PICnya yang melebihi 0.70. Analisis jarak genetik menunjukkan bahawa titisan mutan B4, B10 dan B13 mempunyai jarak genetik terjauh (0.45) dengan kacang soya Kipas Putih (B0). Analisis filogenetik menunjukkan bahawa kacang soya Kipas Putih dan sepuluh mutan M5 dikelompokkan menjadi empat kelompok utama dengan nilai pekali 0.20. Seterusnya, analisis perkaitan menunjukkan bahawa hanya dua penanda SSR iaitu Satt577
dan Satt431 berkait secara signifikan dengan kandungan protein dengan nilai R2 0.7855 hingga 0.9643.
Kata kunci: Filogenetik; kepelbagaian genetik; penanda SSR; titisan mutan
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* Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: zuyasna@unsyiah.ac.id
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