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Sains Malaysiana 51(7)(2022):
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5107-15
Interleukin-1b and Interferon-g are Associated with
Malaria-Induced Hypoinsulinemic Hypoglycemia in Plasmodium berghei Anka-Infected
Mice
(Interleukin-1b dan Interferon-g dikaitkan dengan Hipoglisemia Hipoinsulinemik Mengaruh
Malaria pada Tikus yang Dijangkiti Plasmodium berghei Anka)
RUJIKORN RATTANATHAM1,2 &
VORAVUTH SOMSAK1,2,*
1School
of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University,
Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
2Research
Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
Diserahkan: 17
Mei 2021/Diterima: 30 November 2021
Abstract
Malaria-induced
hypoglycemia is recognized as a serious complication of malaria and has one of
the strongest associations with mortality in children. It has been speculated
that oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory response during parasite infection
were involved in its pathophysiology. Hence, this study aimed to investigate
the development of malaria-induced hypoglycemia during Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbANKA)
infection with particular attention to the involvement of c-peptide,
interleukin-1b (IL-1b), and
interferon-g (IFN-g). ICR
mice were infected with 1×107 parasitized erythrocytes of PbANKA, and parasitemia was monitored, and the development of hypoglycemia was
assessed by measuring plasma glucose levels. The change of c-peptide level was
evaluated. The pro-inflammatory response of IL-1b and IFN-g were
also quantified in plasma. It was found that PbANKA infection resulted in hypoglycemia as indicated by a significantly (P < 0.05) decrease in plasma glucose levels on day 4 post-infection and
associated with parasitemia. The c-peptide was slightly increased at day 2
post-infection, and then significantly (P < 0.05) decreased since day
4. Furthermore, we observed a significantly (P < 0.05) increased IL-1b,
firstly responded, at day 2 post-infection followed by increasing the IFN-g level
at day 4 in PbANKA-induced hypoglycemia. Our findings
support the idea that hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia in
the PbANKA infected mice may be involved in the high
IL-1b and
IFN-g against the parasite infection.
Keywords:
Hypoglycemia; IFN-g; IL-1b; malaria;
Plasmodium berghei
Abstrak
Hipoglisemia yang disebabkan oleh malaria dikenali sebagai komplikasi malaria yang serius dan mempunyai salah satu kaitan paling kuat dengan kematian yang berlaku dalam kalangan kanak-kanak. Spekulasi bahawa tekanan oksidatif dan tindak balas pro-radang semasa jangkitan parasit terlibat dengan patofisiologinya. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan hipoglikemia yang disebabkan oleh
malaria semasa jangkitan Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbANKA) dengan perhatian khusus dilakukan terhadap penglibatan c-peptida, interleukin-1b (IL-1b) dan
interferon-g (IFN-g). Tikus ICR telah dijangkiti dengan 1×107 eritrosit parasit PbANKA dan
parasitemia dipantau dan perkembangan hipoglikemia dinilai dengan mengukur tahap glukosa pada plasma. Perubahan tahap c-peptida ini dinilai. Tindak balas pro-radangIL-1b dan IFN-g juga dikira pada plasma. Jangkitan PbANKA didapati telah mengakibatkan hipoglikemia dan berlakunya penurunan ketara (P <0.05) dalam paras glukosa plasma pada hari ke-4 selepas jangkitan dan dikaitkan dengan parasitemia. C-peptida meningkat sedikit pada hari ke-2 selepas jangkitan dan kemudian menurun dengan ketara (P <0.05) pada hari ke-4. Seterusnya peningkatan ketara (P <0.05) IL-1b berlaku, yang mula bertindak balas, pada hari ke-2 selepas jangkitan diikuti dengan meningkatkan tahapIFN-g pada hari ke-4 dalam hipoglikemia yang disebabkan oleh PbANKA. Penemuan kajian menyokong idea bahawa hipoglikemia hipoinsulinemia pada tikus yang dijangkiti PbANKA mungkin terlibat dalam peningkatanIL-1b dan IFN-g terhadap jangkitan parasit.
Kata kunci: Hipoglisemia; IFN-g; IL-1b; malaria; Plasmodium berghei
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: voravuth.so@wu.ac.th
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