Sains Malaysiana 51(8)(2022): 2449-2459

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5108-09

Fatty Acids Profiles and Growth Performances of Artemia franciscana Fed with Different Types of Microalgae

(Pemprofilan Asid Lemak dan Prestasi Pertumbuhan Artemia franciscana yang Diberikan Pelbagai Jenis Mikroalga)

MUHAMAD AMIN¹, MUGI ERWINDA², MASCHLAHATUN NISSA², DARUTI D NINDARWI¹, WORO H SETYANTINI¹, AHMAD S MUBARAK³, PATMAWATI³, DWI Y PUJIASTUTI³, LAKSMI SULMARTIWI³, SAPTO ANDRIYONO³ & MOCHAMMAD AMIN ALAMSJAH^3,*

¹Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C, Surabaya, Indonesia

 ²Aquaculture Study Program, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C, Surabaya, Indonesia

³Department of Marine, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C, Surabaya, Indonesia

Diserahkan: 24 Jun 2021/Diterima: 3 Februari 2022

Abstract

Artemia has been considered as one of the most important live diets for crustacean and finfish larviculture as well as broodstocks. However, the basal nutrient of Artemia has been reported to be poor in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA’s) especially eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), essential fatty acids for larval normal growth and gonad maturity in shrimp broodstocks. Thus, the present study aimed at investigating the effect of different microalgal diets on fatty acid content, growth performances and survival rate of Artemia francisciana. The study was performed by culturing instar I nauplii of A. franciscana for 12 days at a stocking density of 100 nauplii/L and fed with one of these microalgae: Chaetoceros calcitrans(T1), Dunaliella salina(T2), Tetraselmis chuii (T3), and Nanochloropsis oculata (T4). The results showed that the different microalgal diets affected fatty acid content, growth and survival rate of A. fransicana. The highest DHA content was obtained from those Artemia fed on D. salina, p<0.05. While DHA content of A. fransciscana fed with the other three microalgae was not significantly different, p>0.05. Another result indicated that EPA contents in the Artemia biomass were not significantly affected by the microalgal diets, p>0.05. In terms of growth and survival rate, A. franciscana fed on C. calcitrans and T. chuiihad better growth and survival rate compared to that of Artemia fed on either D. salina or N. oculata, p<0.05. Due to the faster growth, it was also observed that Artemia fed on T. chuii started producing eggs on day 12. Further studies by feeding the Artemia with a mix of microalgal species either a mix of T. chuii and D. salina or a mix of C. calcitrans and D. salina are highly recommended for better PUFA contents, specific growth rate (SGR) as well as survival rates of Artemia.

Keywords: Brine shrimp; diet; docosahexaenoic acids (DHA); eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA); microalgae

Abstrak

Artemia dianggap sebagai salah satu diet hidup yang paling penting untuk krustasea, larvikultur ikan bersirip dan stok induk. Walau bagaimanapun, kandungan nutrien asas Artemia telah dilaporkan rendah dalam asid lemak tak tepu (PUFA) terutamanya asid eikosapentanoik (EPA) dan asid dokosaheksanoik (DHA), yang merupakan asid lemak perlu untuk pertumbuhan normal larva dan kematangan gonad dalam stok induk udang. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan diet mikroalga yang berbeza ke atas kandungan asid lemak, prestasi pertumbuhan dan kadar kebolehidupan Artemia francisciana. Kajian dilakukan dengan mengkultur instar I nauplii A. franciscana selama 12 hari pada ketumpatan stok 100 nauplii/L dan diberi makan dengan salah satu mikroalga ini: Chaetoceros calcitrans (T1), Dunaliella salina (T2), Tetraselmis chuii (T3) dan Nanochloropsis oculata (T4). Hasil menunjukkan bahawa diet mikroalga yang berbeza mempengaruhi kandungan asid lemak, kadar pertumbuhan dan kemandirian A. fransicana. Kandungan DHA tertinggi diperoleh daripada Artemia yang diberi makan D. salina, p<0.05. Manakala kandungan DHA A. fransciscana yang diberi makan dengan tiga mikroalga yang lain tidak berbeza secara signifikan, p>0.05. Walau bagaimanapun, kandungan EPA dalam biojisim Artemia tidak terjejas dengan ketara oleh diet mikroalga, p>0.05. Dari segi pertumbuhan dan kadar kemandirian, A. franciscana yang diberi makan C. calcitrans dan T. chuii mempunyai kadar pertumbuhan dan kemandirian yang lebih baik berbanding Artemia yang diberi makan sama ada D. salina atau N. oculata, p<0.05. Disebabkan pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat, juga diperhatikan bahawa Artemia yang diberi makan T. chuii mula mengeluarkan telur pada hari ke-12. Kajian lanjut dengan memberi makan Artemia dengan campuran spesies mikroalga sama ada campuran T. chuii dan D. salina atau campuran daripada C. calcitrans dan D. salina sangat disyorkan untuk kandungan PUFA, kadar pertumbuhan khusus (SGR) serta kadar kebolehidupan Artemia yang lebih baik.

Kata kunci: Asid dokosaheksanoik (DHA); asideikosapentanoik (EPA); diet; mikroalga; udang air garam

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^*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: alamsjah@fpk.unair.ac.id