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Sains Malaysiana 51(9)(2022):
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5109-03
Growth
Performance and Feed Utilization of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fed with Diets
Containing Animal Protein Source from Expired Sausage
(Prestasi Pertumbuhan dan Penggunaan Makanan oleh Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Diberi Diet Mengandungi Punca Protein Haiwan daripada Sosej Tamat Tempoh)
REN
FITRIADI1,*, MUSTIKA PALUPI1 & RISA NURWAHYUNI2
1Study Program of
Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Jenderal Soedirman University,
Jl. Dr. Soeparno Street, Karangwangkal, Purwokerto 53122, Central Java, Indonesia
2Program Aquaculture (IMAQUA), Faculty of
Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Link 653 9000 Gent, Belgium
Diserahkan: 30 Disember 2021/Diterima: 18 April 2022
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diets
with different levels of expired sausage flour as a source of animal protein on
the growth performance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with five treatments
and three replications. Furthermore, a total of 330 tilapia fish (5-7 cm and 4
± 1.92 g) were reared in aerated 50 × 30 × 15 cm3 aquaria with a
stocking density of 22 fishes per aquarium. The feed contains an equal ratio of
plant and animal protein, where the plant protein contains soy flour and rice
bran flour in a ratio of 90:10. Meanwhile, the animal protein contains fish
flour, added with five sausage flour levels: 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of the total dietary protein. The levels were then designated as A-D, respectively, while the diet with
no sausage flour was used as the control (A). Feed conversion ratio (FCR)
protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein retention (PR), energy retention (ER),
and protein digestibility (PD) were calculated and compared among treatments. The data were analyzed
using a one-way ANOVA on SPSS version 16. The results showed that diet
containing 10% sausage flour significantly increased the protein efficiency
ratio, protein retention, energy retention, and protein digestibility, and
improve feed conversion ratio. Based on the results, 14.07% expired sausage
flour protein is recommended as the best concentration for growth performance
and food efficiency in tilapia.
Keywords: Expired sausage flour; growth; nutrient
efficiency; tilapia
Abstrak
Matlamat kajian ini adalah untuk menilai
prestasi pertumbuhan Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) yang diberi makan sosej tamat tempoh berbeza tahap
sebagai punca makanan protein haiwan. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk rawak
lengkap (CRD) dengan lima rawatan dan tiga ulangan. Sebanyak 330 ekor ikan
tilapia bersaiz 5-7 cm dan berat 4 ± 1.92 g telah diternak dalam akuarium
berudara 50 × 30 × 15 cm3 dengan kepadatan 22 ekor setiap akuarium.
Suapan mengandungi protein tumbuhan dan haiwan (50:50), dengan protein tumbuhan
terdiri daripada tepung soya dan tepung dedak padi (90:10). Tambahan pula,
protein haiwan terdiri daripada tepung ikan yang ditambah dengan serbuk sosej
tamat tempoh pada tahap 0, 10, 20, 30 dan 40% daripada jumlah protein pemakanan
dan ditetapkan sebagai A-D masing-masing. Diet yang tidak mengandungi tepung
sosej dikekalkan sebagai kawalan (A). Selepas itu, data diperoleh daripada
pelbagai kumpulan rawatan dan nisbah penukaran makanan (FCR) dihitung untuk
menilai prestasi pertumbuhan tilapia. Nisbah kecekapan protein (PER),
pengekalan protein (PR), pengekalan tenaga (ER) dan kebolehcernaan protein (PD)
juga dikira. Semua data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA sehala. Pemakanan ikan
yang mengandungi 10% protein tepung sosej yang telah tamat tempoh terbukti
dapat meningkatkan nisbah kecekapan protein, pengekalan protein, pengekalan
tenaga dan kebolehcernaan protein dan juga mengurangkan nisbah penukaran
makanan. Khususnya, 14.07% kemasukan protein tepung sosej yang telah tamat
tempoh disyorkan untuk prestasi pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dan kecekapan
makanan dalam tilapia. Penyelidikan ini telah mencipta model suapan formulasi
yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan ikan tilapia dan telah berjaya mencari kandungan
asid amino yang terkandung dalam sisa sosej yang telah tamat tempoh.
Kata kunci: Kecekapan nutrisi; pertumbuhan; tepung sosej tamat tempoh,
tilapia
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email:
renfitriadi@unsoed.ac.id
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