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Sains Malaysiana
52(2)(2023): 547-561
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5202-17
Methylene
Blue Adsorption by Acid Post-Treated Low Temperature Biochar Derived from
Banana (Musa
acuminata) Pseudostem
(Penjerapan Metilena Biru oleh Bioarang Bersuhu Rendah
Selepas Dirawat Asid Dihasilkan daripada Batang Pseudo Pisang (Musa acuminata))
NOOR HALINI BAHARIM*, FRIDELINA SJAHRIR,
RAHMAD MOHD TAIB, NORAZLINA IDRIS & TUAN AZMAR TUAN DAUD
Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of
Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Jalan Timur Tambahan, 45600
Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 17 Juai
2022/Diterima: 19 Disember 2022
Abstract
The adsorption of methylene blue dye solution using
low temperature biochar (PSB) and acid post-treated biochar (PT-PSB) derived
from banana (Musa acuminata) pseudostem
was investigated. The raw material was oven-dried at 105 °C for 24 h and then
carbonized via slow pyrolysis at a low temperature of 300 °C for 1 h. The
biochar was further treated with 1.0 M HCl for 24 h. At room temperature, batch
adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the removal efficiency of
methylene blue at different parameters; solution pH (3-10), adsorbent dosage
(0.05-0.30 g) and initial concentration (25-150 mg/L). The results exhibited
that the highest removal efficiency of methylene blue using PSB was 96.6% at
optimum solution pH 6 with the adsorbent dosage of 0.20 g. Nevertheless, the
better removal efficiency of methylene blue using PT-PSB was identified (99.3%)
at optimum solution pH 7 and adsorbent dosage of 0.25 g. The initial
concentration of 25 mg/L showed the maximum removal efficiency for both PSB and
PT-PSB. The adsorption isotherm analysis showed that both PSB and PT-PSB were
better fitted with the Freundlich isotherm model which indicates multilayer
adsorption onto the heterogeneous surface of the adsorbents. Kinetic data
showed that the adsorption of methylene blue onto PSB and PT-PSB was well
fitted by the pseudo-second order model, indicating chemical adsorption. Banana
pseudostem showed great potential to be used as an efficient low-cost and
environmentally friendly adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue from
aqueous solution.
Keywords: Acid post-treated biochar; adsorption; banana
pseudostem; methylene blue
Abstrak
Penjerapan larutan pewarna metilena biru menggunakan
bioarang bersuhu rendah (PSB) dan bioarang selepas dirawat asid (PT-PSB) yang
berasal daripada batang pseudo pisang (Musa acuminata) dikaji. Bahan
mentah dikeringkan dengan ketuhar pada suhu 105 °C selama 24 jam dan seterusnya
dibakar melalui pirolisis perlahan pada suhu rendah 300 °C selama 1 jam.
Bioarang seterusnya dirawat dengan 1.0 M HCl untuk 24 jam. Pada suhu bilik, uji
kaji penjerapan kumpulan dijalankan untuk menentukan kecekapan penyingkiran
metilena biru pada parameter pemboleh ubah yang berbeza; pH larutan (3-10), dos
penjerap (0.05-0.30 g) dan kepekatan awal (25-150 mg/L). Keputusan menunjukkan
kecekapan penyingkiran tertinggi metilena biru menggunakan PSB adalah 96.6%
pada pH larutan optimum 6 dengan dos penjerap 0.20 g. Walau bagaimanapun,
kecekapan penyingkiran metilena biru yang lebih baik menggunakan PT-PSB
ditentukan (99.3%) pada pH larutan optimum 7 dan dos penjerap 0.25 g. Kepekatan
awal 25 mg/L menunjukkan kecekapan penyingkiran yang maksimum bagi kedua-dua
PSB dan PT-PSB. Analisis isoterma penjerapan menunjukkan kedua-dua PSB dan
PT-PSB adalah lebih berpadanan dengan model isoterma Freundlich yang
menunjukkan penjerapan berbilang lapisan ke permukaan heterogen penjerap. Data
kinetik menunjukkan penjerapan metilena biru ke PSB dan PT-PSB adalah sangat
berpadanan dengan model tertib kedua pseudo, menunjukkan penjerapan kimia. Batang pseudo pisang
berpotensi besar digunakan sebagai penjerap berkos rendah yang cekap dan mesra
alam untuk penyingkiran metilena biru daripada larutan akues.
Kata kunci: Batang pisang pseudo;
bioarang selepas dirawat asid; metilena biru; penjerapan
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: halini@unisel.edu.my
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