Sains Malaysiana 52(5)(2023): 1397-1405

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5205-06

Toxicity of Clove Oil Nanoparticles against Diamondback Moth Plutella xylostella (L.)

(Ketoksikan Nanozarah Minyak Cengkih terhadap Rama-rama Berlian Plutella xylostella (L.))

SILVI IKAWATI^* & FERY ABDUL CHOLIQ

Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia

Diserahkan: 11 April 2022/Diterima: 19 April 2023

Abstract

Plutella xylostella, diamondback moth (DBM), has been one of the most challenging insects to control in the world to date. Environmentally friendly methods of control, such as the use of botanical insecticides, are available. A formulation that can sustain the main compound's level is required, which can be accomplished through soluble powder nanoformulation. The goal of this research was to test and evaluate the ability of clove oil nanoparticles produced from polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) to control DBM utilizing a solid dispersion technique. Bioassay by leaf dip method in laboratory was used to test the lethal effect of clove oil nanoparticles (CO-NPs) on DBM. Clove oil nanoformulation was successful because it produced nanoparticles (179.98 nm in diameter) while maintaining high levels of the active component eugenol. Clove oil nanoparticles may increase clove oil's toxicity to DBM, seen from the LC₅₀ value after 24 h of treatment. The LC₅₀ values for clove oil nanoparticles after 24 and 48 h of treatment were 10.308 and 9.451%, respectively.

Keywords: Botanical pesticides; clove oil; nanoformulation; Plutella xylostella; solid dispersion

Abstrak

Plutella xylostella, rama-rama berlian (DBM), telah menjadi salah satu serangga yang paling mencabar untuk dikawal di dunia setakat ini. Kaedah kawalan mesra alam, seperti penggunaan racun serangga botani, tersedia. Formulasi yang boleh mengekalkan tahap sebatian utama diperlukan, yang boleh dicapai melalui nanoformulasi pepejal. Matlamat penyelidikan ini adalah untuk menguji dan menilai keupayaan nanozarah minyak cengkih yang dihasilkan daripada polietilena glikol 6000 (PEG 6000) mengawal DBM menggunakan teknik penyebaran pepejal. Bioassay melalui kaedah celup daun di makmal digunakan untuk menguji kesan maut nanozarah minyak cengkih (CO-NPs) pada DBM. Nanoformulasi minyak cengkih berjaya kerana ia menghasilkan nanozarah (diameter 179.98 nm) sambil mengekalkan tahap tinggi komponen aktif eugenol. Nanozarah minyak cengkih boleh meningkatkan ketoksikan minyak cengkih kepada DBM, dilihat daripada nilai LC₅₀ selepas 24 jam rawatan. Nilai LC₅₀ untuk nanozarah minyak cengkih selepas 24 dan 48 jam rawatan masing-masing adalah 10.308 dan 9.451%.

Kata kunci: Formulasi nano; minyak cengkih; penyebaran pepejal; Plutella xylostella; racun serangga botani

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^*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: silviikawati@ub.ac.id