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Sains Malaysiana 38(1):
47-56(2009)
Systematic Accounts and Some Aspects of Feeding and
Reproductive
Biology of Ponyfishes (Perciformes: Leiognathidae)
(Perihalan Sistematik dan Beberapa Aspek Pemakanan Serta Biologi Pembiakan Ikan Kekek (Perciformes: Leiognathidae))
Y.G. Seah
School of Environmental Studies and Natural Resource Sciences Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E. Malaysia
S. Abdullah, C.C. Zaidi & A.G. Mazlan* Marine Ecosystem Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor D.E. Malaysia
Received: 1 April 2008 /
Accepted: 4 June 2008
ABSTRACT
Several series of
trawl survey was carried out in the coastal waters of southeastern South China
Sea using commercial trawler. Six species of ponyfishes were caught
throughout the study. Adult fish species were examined for their systematic differences. Based
on systematic differences, a pictorial description of each species was built
up. Detail population growth of dominant
species was estimated using the allometric regression analysis of length
(L)-weight (W) relationship (W= aLb). The results showed that the
regression coefficient b was 3.337±0.105 for Photoplagios
stercorarius, 2.530±0.298 for Photopectoralis bindus, 2.690±0.330 for Secutor
insidiator and 2.211±0.507 for Gazza minuta respectively. Stomach contents analyses revealed feeding
guilds of each species of fishes. Mean trophic level for P. bindus was
3.222±0.491, G. minuta was 2.753±0.291, P. stercorarius was
2.662±0.316, S. insidiator was 2.865±0.298, Leiognathus jonesi was 2.490±0.267 and Leiognathus oblongus was 2.413±0.296 respectively. The mean value of RLG for P.
stercorarius was 0.8740±0.0576, G. minuta was 0.5135±0.0942 and P. bindus was
1.1399±0.2611. Reproductive biology of the selected species of ponyfishes showed
that the gonads were mono-lobed with maturing and matured oocytes stages at
time of sampling. A mean value of GSI for P. bindus was 4.002±0.650, P.
stercorarius was 2.540±0.430, S. insidiator was 5.638±1.114, Gazza minuta was 0.382±0.070, L. oblongus was 2.925±0.820, L. jonesi was 1.578±0.821 and Nuchequula decora was 2.569±1.451
respectively.
Keywords: Meristic measurements; morphometric characteristic; length-weight relationship; trophic levels; gonadosomatic index; Leiognathidae
ABSTRAK
Beberapa siri survey pukat tunda telah dilakukan di kawasan pesisir pantai tenggara perairan Laut China Selatan dengan menggunakan bot pukat tunda komersial. Sebanyak enam spesies ikan kekek telah ditangkap di sepanjang kajian. Ikan yang matang bagi setiap spesies dikaji-selidik bagi membezakan ciri-ciri sistematik termasuklah kiraan meristik dan perbezaan rupa morfologi. Berdasarkan ciri-ciri sistematik ini, pemerihalan bergambar dibina bagi setiap spesies ikan. Seterusnya kajian terperinci terhadap tumbesaran populasi spesies ikan dominan dianggarkan melalui analisis model regresi alometrik, perkaitan panjang (L) dan berat (W) (W = aLb). Hasil kajian menunjukkan pekali regresi b bagi setiap spesies ikan masing-masing bernilai 3.337±0.105 bagi Photoplagios stercorarius, 2.530±0.298 bagi Photopectoralis bindus, 2.690±0.330 bagi Secutor insidiator dan 2.211±0.507 bagi Gazza minuta. Analisis kandungan perut menunjukkan corak atau tabiat pemakanan bagi setiap spesies ikan kekek. Maklumat kandungan makanan ini digunakan untuk menilai paras trofodinamik ikan kekek dalam persekitaran semula jadi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa min paras trofik bagi setiap spesies ikan masing-masing bernilai 3.222±0.491 bagi P. bindus, 2.753±0.291 bagi G. minuta, 2.662±0.316 bagi P. stercorarius, 2.865±0.298 bagi S. insidiator, 2.490±0.267 bagi Leiognathus jonesi dan 2.413±0.296 bagi Leiognathus oblongus. Nilai min RLG bagi P. stercorarius adalah 0.8740±0.0576, 0.5135±0.0942 bagi G. minuta dan 1.1399±0.2611 bagi P. bindus. Biologi pembiakan bagi spesies ikan kekek terpilih menunjukkan gonad ikan kekek adalah monolobus dan keadaan kematangan oosit pada waktu persampelan adalah dalam proses kematangan dan matang. Nilai min GSI bagi spesies ikan dikaji masing-masing adalah, 4.002±0.650 bagi P. bindus, 2.540±0.430 bagi P. stercorarius, 5.638±1.114 bagi S. insidiator, 0.382±0.070 bagi G. minuta, 2.925±0.820 bagi L. oblongus, 1.578±0.821 bagi L. jonesi dan 2.569±1.451 bagi Nuchequula decora.
Kata
kunci: Kiraan
meristik; pencirian
morfometrik; perkaitan panjang-berat;
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