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Sains Malaysiana 38(1):
61-68(2009)
The Potential of Commelina
bengalensis, Amaranthus hybridus,
Zea mays for Phytoremediation
of Heavy Metals
from
Contaminated Soils
(Potensi Commelina
bengalensis, Amaranthus hybridus, Zea mays
bagi Tujuan Fitoremediasi Logam Berat dari
Tanah Tercemar)
Kimenyu, P.N., Oyaro*, N., Chacha, J. S., & Tsanuo, M. K. Jomo Kenyatta
University of Agriculture & Technology
P.O. Box
62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
Received: 24 Mac 2008 / Accepted: 10 May
2008
ABSTRACT
Population in urban centers in
Kenya is increasing rapidly due to rural urban migration in search of better
paying jobs. This migration has resulted in unauthorized settlements in the
various urban centers. The income per capital of these people is less than a
dollar a day. The amount of money is inadequate for survival and this has
resulted into cultivating on open grounds for food crops. Unfortunately, these
slums have come up along rivers, which carry, wastewater from household and
industries. This wastewater is rich in heavy metals and the inhabitants of
these areas use this contaminated water for irrigating their crops. The food
crops from such areas have very high levels of heavy metals. The present study
has screened Zea mays, Commelina
bengalensis and Amaranthus hybridus for their ability to bioaccumulate these metals from contaminated soils using
atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results obtained showed that the C. bengalensis has high potential for removal of Cu, Pb and Cd metals as
compared to the Zea mays and Amaranthus hybridus even though, results showed that C. bengalensis has a low potential for the removal of Zn as compared to Zea mays and Amaranthus hybridus.
Keywords: Amaranthus hybridus; AAS; Commelina bengalensis; Phytoremediation; Soil; Zea may
ABSTRAK
Populasi pusat bandar di Kenya mengalami pertama bahan yang pesat
disebabkan proses migrasi yang tinggi dari luar bandar ke bandar bagi tujuan
mendapatkan pekerjaan. Proses migrasi ini mengakibatkan kewujudan kawasan
penempatan haram di pelbagai kawasan pusat bandar. Pendapatan per kapita
penghuni kawasan ini dianggarkan kurang daripada satu dolar sehari. Kekurangan kewangan bagi kelangsungan
hidup menyebabkan keperluan penanaman bahan-bahan bagi tujuan mendapatkan
makanan. Malangnya, proses penanaman ini dilakukan di sepanjang sungai yang mengandungi
hasil kumbahan dari kawasan perumahan dan industri. Hasil kumbahan ini
mengandungi kandungan logam berat yang tinggi dan penduduk di kawasan ini
menggunakan air kumbahan ini bagi tujuan pengairan pertanian. Kajian ini telah
menilai tumbuhan Zea mays, Commelina bengalensis dan Amaranthus hybridus untuk mengakumulasi
secara biologi logam berat ini dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer serapan atom
(AAS). Hasil kajian menunjukkan tumbuhan C.
bengalensis mempunyai keupayaan yang tinggi untuk menyingkirkan logam Cu,
Pb dan Cd berbanding tumbuhan Zea mays dan Amaranthus hybridus. Namun begitu
hasil kajian menunjukkan C. bengalensis mempunyai keupayaan yang rendah untuk menyingkirkan logam Zn berbanding tumbuhan
Zea mays and Amaranthus hybridus.
Kata kunci: Amaranthus. hibridus; AAS; Commelina
bengalensis; fitoremediasi; tanah; Zea mays
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*Corresponding author
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