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Sains Malaysiana 38(4)(2009):
543–551
Pembinaan
dan Penggunaan Ujian Diagnostik ke Arah Mengenal Pasti Salah Konsep Pelajar
dalam Kursus Fizik kuantum
(Development and Application of Diagnostic
Test to Identify
Students’ Misconceptions of Quantum Physics)
A. Halim
Jurusan Pendidikan Fisika, FKIP
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh-Indonesia
23111
T. Subahan bin Meerah* & Lilia Halim
Jabatan Perkaedahan dan Amalan Pendidikan
Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E, Malaysia
Received: 26 June 2008 / Accepted: 21 December 2008
ABSTRAK
Kajian berkaitan
dengan salah konsep pelajar dalam kursus fizik kuantum jarang dilakukan, kerana tidak ramai
pelajar yang terlibat dalan kursus berkenaan. Kajian ini
dijalankan bagi membantu mengenal pasti salah konsep pelajar pada tahap awal. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membina ujian diagnostik yang
boleh mendiagnosis salah konsep pelajar sains dan menggunakan dapatan kajian
bagi membaiki kaedah Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran kursus fizik kuantum. Ujian Diagnostik Fizik kuantum (UDFK) aneka pilihan yang merangkumi konsep cahaya, model atom, sifat
keduaan gelombang-zarah, fungsi gelombang dan graf tenaga keupayaan kuantum,
dilakukan kepada 200 pelajar universiti. Kajian
menunjukkan bahawa ramai pelajar menggunakan konsep klasik untuk menjelaskan
fenomena kuantum. Sebagai contoh pelajar menjelaskan
bahawa cahaya adalah gelombang, elektron adalah zarah, dan struktur atom selari
dengan sistem suria. Bagi mengatasi masalah ini,
dicadangkan agar pensyarah mengambil masa lebih untuk menjelaskan takrifan asas
dan kaedah penggunaan analogi dalam pengajaran fizik kuantum.
Kata kunci:
Cahaya; keduaan gelombang-zarah; model atom; ujian diagnostik; salah konsep
ABSTRACT
A study on
students’ misconceptions on quantum physics is rarely being done, because the
target audience is quite small. It is important to understand quantum physics
concepts correctly especially for science students. This study was under taken
to help students identify their misconceptions at the early stage. The aim of
this study is to develop a diagnostic test which can access the students’
misconceptions, and use the findings for the benefits of quantum physics
courses. A multiple-choice Quantum Physics Diagnostic Test (QPDT), that involves concepts of light, atomic model,
particle-wave dualism, wave function, and potential energy, was administered to
200 university students. The results shows that many
students use the classical concepts to describe the quantum phenomenon. For
example students describe light only as a wave, an electron only as a particle,
and that the atomic structure is parallel to the solar system. To overcome
these problems, it is suggested that lecturers spend more time in explaining
the basic definitions and using analogies in quantum physics teaching.
Keywords: Atomic
model; diagnostic test; light; misconception; particle-wave dualism .
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