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In Vitro Sensitivity
Testing of Acanthamoeba Clinical
Isolates from Patients with Keratitis against Polyhexamethylene biguanide(PHMB) and Chlorhexidine
(Kajian Sensitiviti Isolat KlinikalAcanthamoeba daripada Pesakit Keratitis SecaraIn Vitro Terhadap Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) dan Chlorhexidine)
Noradilah Samseh binti Abdullah
Fakulti Perubatan dan Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Tingkat 13 Menara B Pesiaran MPAJ, Jalan Pandan Utama, 55100 Pandan Indah, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Mohamed Kamel Abd. Ghani*
Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Anisah Nordin, Yusof Suboh & Noraina Ab Rahim
Department of Parasitology & Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
50300 Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Norazah Ahmad
Division of Bacteriology, Institute for Medical Research
, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
Received: 21 July 2011 / Accepted: 20 October 2011
ABSTRACT
Acanthamoeba keratitis is a serious infection of the
eye which can result in permanent visual impairment. Therefore this study was
performed to evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents on three Acanthamoeba clinical isolates (HS 6, HKL 95 and HTH 73).
Antimicrobial agents used in this study were polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB)
and chlorhexidine and both were serially diluted.
Cyst suspensions from all three strains were tested against the antimicrobial
agents, respectively. After 48 h of incubation at 37°C, the suspension was
filtered and the filter membrane was placed onto non-nutrient agar plate lawned with heat-killed Escherichia coli. The plates were examined daily under
the inverted microscope until day 14 but were negative for Acanthamoeba trophozoites. The presence of trophozoites indicated ineffectiveness of the antimicrobial agents. Both antimicrobial
agents used were found to be effective against Acanthamoeba cysts for all the strains tested. PHMB gave minimum cysticidal concentration (MCC) mean value of 4.232 μg/mL and chlorhexidine showed MCC mean
value of 3.906 μg/mL. So, from this study, it
can be concluded that PHMB and chlorhexidine were effective in killing the tested Acanthamoeba cysts.
Keywords: Acanthamoeba; in vitro; sensitivity; polyhexamethylene biguanide; chlorhexidine
ABSTRAK
Keratitis Acanthamoeba merupakan infeksi mata yang serius yang boleh menyebabkan kerosakan penglihatan yang teruk. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji keberkesanan agen antimikrob terhadap tiga isolat klinikal Acanthamoeba (HS 6, HKL 95
and HTH 73). Agen antimikrob yang digunakan di dalam kajian ini adalah poliheksametilina biguanide (PHMB) dan kloroheksidin yang menjalani pencairan bersiri. Suspensi sista daripada ketiga-tiga strain diuji dengan kedua-dua agen antimikrob. Selepas inkubasi selama 48 jam pada suhu 37°C, campuran suspensi sista dan agen antimikrob tersebut dituras dan membran turasan diletakkan ke atas plat agar bukan nutrien yang dibanjiriEscherichia coli. Kesemua agar tersebut diperiksa setiap hari menggunakan mikroskop terbalik sehingga hari ke 14 tetapi negatif untuk trofozoitAcanthamoeba. Kehadiran trofozoit menunjukkan ketidakberkesanan agen antimikrob. Kedua-dua agen antimikrob yang digunakan didapati berkesan terhadap sistaAcanthamoeba bagi kesemua strain yang diuji. PHMB memberikan nilaiMCC pada kepekatan 4.232 μg/mL manakala chlorhexidine pula menunjukkan nilaiMCC pada kepekatan 3.906 μg/mL. Maka, daripada kajian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawaPHMB dan kloroheksidina berkesan membunuh sistaAcanthamoeba yang diuji.
Kata kunci: Acanthamoeba; in vitro; kloroheksidine; poliheksametilena biguanide; sensitivitc
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*Corresponding author; email: mkamal@medic.ukm.my
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