Sains Malaysiana 42(10)(2013): 1523–1528

Taburan, Biojisim dan Kedinamikan Pokok Sapindaceae di Plot 50 ha di Hutan Simpan Pasoh, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

(Distribution, Biomass and Dynamics of Sapindaceae Trees in a 50 ha Plot at Pasoh Forest Reserve, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia)

M.B. Nur ‘Aqilah, M.S. Nizam & A. Latiff*

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Received: 14 April 2013/Accepted: 12 May 2013

ABSTRAK

Data bagi Sapindaceae dalam suatu plot kekal 50 ha di Hutan Simpan Pasoh, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia telah diperoleh dari Institut Penyelidikan Hutan Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong dan telah diguna untuk menilai pengeluaran primer dan taburan famili. Lima bancian telah dijalankan dalam tahun 1985-2005 dan analisis data telah dijalankan ke atas bancian terakhir. Walau bagaimanapun perbandingan telah dibuat antara kelima-lima bancian untuk menentukan kevariabelan. Daripada bancian tahun 2005, 10 genus dan 18 spesies Sapindaceae telah direkodkan di dalam plot. Sejumlah 13360 dirian pokok telah dikira dan spesies yang paling banyak ialah Xerospermum noronhianum(7678 dirian). Jumlah biojisim bagi famili telah dianggarkan sebanyak 7.25 t/ha dan biojisim atas tanah tertinggi telah disumbangkan oleh X. noronhianum, dengan anggaran sebanyak 2.78 t/ha. Spesies ini juga mempunyai nilai keluasan pangkal tertinggi dengan 17.68 m2/ha. Anggaran biojisim untuk 20 tahun telah berkurangan secara signifikan (ANOVA, p<0.05) antara empat bancian. Genus yang mempunyai dirian tertinggi ialah Xerospermum (57.47%). Bagi melihat corak taburan, Indeks Taburan Morisita (Id) telah digunakan dan mendapati semua spesies mempunyai corak taburan secara rawak. Sebanyak 2292 dirian telah didapati mati (278/tahun) dan 1246 dirian baru direkodkan (172/tahun) pada tahun 2005. Secara keseluruhannya pertambahan saiz diameter bagi tempoh 20 tahun adalah sangat kecil iaitu 0.03 cm/tahun.

Kata kunci: Indeks taburan Morisita; kematian; komposisi spesies; tumbesaran

ABSTRACT

Data on Sapindaceae in a 50 ha permanent plot at Pasoh Forest Reserve, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia were obtained from the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong and use to assess the primary productivity and distribution of the family. Five censuses were conducted in 1985-2005 and data analyses were done on the later census. However, comparisons were made between the five censuses to determine variabilities. From the census in 2005, ten genera and 18 species of Sapindaceae were recorded in the plot. A total of 13360 trees were enumerated of which the most abundant species was Xerospermum noronhianum (7678 trees). The total biomass of the family was estimated at 7.25 t/ha and the highest above ground biomass was represented by X. noronhianum, estimated at 2.78 t/ha. The species also has the highest value of basal area with 17.68 m2/ha. The biomass estimation for 20 years decreased significantly (ANOVA, p<0.05) between the four censuses. The genus which has the highest stand is Xerospermum (57.47%) from the total number of overall stand. In general, Morisita Index of Dispersal (Id) analysis is used to see the distribution pattern and the result shows the Sapindaceae species has random distribution. A total of 2292 trees were found dead and 1246 new tree recruits had been recorded at 172/year. Overall, the increase in diameter size for 20 years is small which only 0.03 cm per year.

Keywords: Growth; Morisita index of dispersal; mortality; species composition

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Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: latiff@ukm.my