Sains Malaysiana 42(10)(2013): 1529–1538

Dry Matter Yield and Chemical Composition of Sorghum Cultivars with Varying

Planting Density and Sowing Date

(Hasil Jirim Kering dan Komposisi Kimia Kultivar Sorgum dengan Perubahan

Kepadatan Penanaman dan Tarikh Menyemai)

A. Mahmood¹, Habib Ullah², A.N. Shahzad³, H. Ali³, S. Ahmad³, M. Zia-Ul-Haq⁴, B. Honermeier⁵ & M. Hasanuzzaman⁶*

¹University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan

²Departments of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan-60800, Pakistan

³Departments of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan-60800, Pakistan

⁴The Patent Office, 2^nd Floor, Kandawala Building, M.A. Jinnah Road, Karachi

⁵Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding-I, Justus Liebig University, Ludwigstrasse 23, D-35390 Giessen, Germany

⁶Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Received: 10 March 2013/Accepted: 12 May 2013

ABSTRACT

This two-year research was carried out to clarify the effect of varying sowing time, planting density and cultivar on the biomass yield and chemical composition of sorghum. The leaf area index of the sorghum plant stand reached a maximal value of 5.0−5.7 at 97 days after sowing (DAS). Cultivar ‘Bovital’ was more productive with respect to the number of tillers per plant as well as per m2. Cultivars had clear impact on most of the quality parameters. Cultivar ‘Goliath’ (Sorghum bicolor × S. bicolor hybrid) had a higher biomass yield than Bovital (S. bicolor × S. sudanense hybrid). Dry matter yield was largely unaffected by the plant density at all sowing times. It was observed that Goliath exhibited higher sugar and neutral detergent fibre, while a greater content of protein was found in Bovital. Plant density had no clear influence on most of the quality parameters.

Keywords: Biomass yield; neutral detergent fibre; sowing times; sugar content

ABSTRAK

Penyelidikan dua tahun ini telah dijalankan untuk menerangkan kesan mengubah masa menyemai, kepadatan menanam dan kultivar ke atas biojisim dan komposisi kimia sorgum. Indeks kawasan daun dirian pokok sorgum mencapai nilai maksimum 5.0−5.7 pada 97 hari selepas penyemaian (DAS). Kultivar ‘Bovital’ adalah yang paling produktif daripada segi bilangan anak pokok per pokok dan juga per m2. Kultivar menunjukkan kesan yang jelas kepada kebanyakan mutu parameter. Kultivar ‘Goliath’ (hibrid Sorghum bicolor × S. bicolor) mempunyai hasil biojisim yang lebih tinggi daripada Bovital (hibrid S. bicolor × S. Sudanense). Hasil jirim kering adalah tidak berkesan oleh kepadatan pokok pada semua masa menyemai. Adalah diperhatikan bahawa Goliath menunjukkan kandungan gula lebih tinggi dan serabut detergen netral, manakala kandungan protein adalah lebih tinggi telah ditemui dalam Bovital. Kepadatan pokok tidak mempunyai pengaruh ke atas kebanyakan mutu parameter.

Kata kunci: Hasil biojisim; kandungan gula; masa menyemai; serabut detergen neutral

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*Corresponding author; email: mhzsauag@yahoo.com