Sains Malaysiana 42(9)(2013): 1253–1259

Antioxidant Activity in Crude Petroleum Benzene, Chloroform, Methanol and

Water Extracts of Six Selected Vegetables

(Aktiviti Antioksida dalam Ekstrak Mentah Petroleum Benzena, Kloroform, Metanol dan

Air daripada Enam Sayuran Terpilih)

Sumathi Murti¹*, Nurhayati Zainal Abidin¹ & Ashril Yusof²

¹Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya

50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

²Sport Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Received: 2 August 2012 /Accepted: 2 February 2013

ABSTRACT

In this study, crude petroleum benzene, chloroform, methanol and water extracts of six selected vegetables namely, garlic chives (Allium tuberosum), celery (Apium graveolens (L.)), sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas (L.)), curry leaves (Murraya koenigii (L.)), winged beans (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) and sweet leaves (Sauropus androgynus) were tested for antioxidant activities using three bioassays namely 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay and metal chelating assay. Overall, among the 24 crude extracts tested, petroleum benzene and chloroform extract of Murraya koenigii (L.) showed higher free radical scavenging activities (IC₅₀ = 0.02 mg/mL and 0.0225 mg/mL, respectively) when compared to ascorbic acid (IC₅₀ = 0.00375 mg/mL) and strong reducing powers with absorbance value of 1.208 ± 0.006 and 1.833 ± 0.003 when compared to butylated hydroxyanisole with absorbance value of 2.625 ± 0.004 at the highest concentration tested, 1 mg/mL in both DPPH and reducing power assay, respectively. In metal chelating assay, methanol, petroleum benzene and chloroform extracts of Murraya koenigii (L.) showed moderate metal chelating activities of 88.60 ± 0.02%, 78.30 ± 0.23% and 73.61 ± 0.22%, respectively, at 1 mg/mL when compared to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid which is 98.63 ± 0.13%. These findings suggested the important significance of Murraya koenigii (L.) consumption in prevention of diseases.

Keywords: Curry leaves; DPPH radical scavenging assay; metal chelating assay; reducing power assay

ABSTRAK

Dalam kajian ini, ekstrak mentah petroleum benzena, kloroform, metanol dan air daripada enam sayur-sayuran terpilih iaitu, daun kucai bawang putih (Allium tuberosum), saderi (Apium graveolens (L.)), daun ubi keledek (Ipomoea batatas (L.)), daun kari (Murraya koenigii (L.)), kacang botol (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) dan daun manis (Sauropus androgynus) telah diuji untuk aktiviti antioksidan menggunakan tiga bioasai iaitu asai penyahbebas radikal 2, 2-difenil-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), asai kuasa penurun dan asai pengkelat logam. Secara keseluruhannya, antara 24 ekstrak mentah yang diuji, ekstrak petroleum benzena dan kloroform Murraya koenigii (L.) menunjukkan aktiviti penyahbebas radikal yang tinggi (IC₅₀ = 0.02 mg/mL dan 0.0225 mg/mL masing-masing) berbanding dengan asid askorbik (IC₅₀ = 0.00375 mg/mL) dan kuasa penurun yang kuat dengan nilai keserapan 1.208 ± 0.006 dan 1.833 ± 0.003 berbanding dengan hydroxyanisole butylated dengan nilai keserapan 2.625 ± 0.004 pada kepekatan tertinggi yang diuji, 1 mg/mL pada kedua-dua asai DPPH dan kuasa penurun, masing-masing. Dalam asai pengkelat logam, ekstrak metanol, petroleum benzena dan kloroform Murraya koenigii (L.) menunjukkan aktiviti pengkelat logam yang sederhana 88.60 ± 0.02%, 78.30 ± 0.23% dan 73.61 ± 0.22% masing-masing pada 1 mg/mL berbanding dengan asid atelindiamintetrasetik (98.63 ± 0.13%). Penemuan ini menunjukkan kepentingan penggunaan Murraya koenigii (L.) dalam pencegahan penyakit.

Kata kunci: Asai kuasa penurun; asai pengkelat logam; asai penyahbebas radikal DPPH; daun kari

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*Corresponding author; email: m_sumi2001@yahoo.com