Sains Malaysiana 43(9)(2014): 1327–1332

Enhancing Biodegradation of Crude Oil in Soil Using Fertilizer and Empty Fruit Bunch of Oil Palm

(Peningkatan Biodegradasi Minyak Mentah dalam Tanah Menggunakan Baja dan Tandan Kosong Buah daripada Kelapa Sawit)

AINON HAMZAH¹*, SITI NURSYAZANA MD SALLEH¹ & SUKIMAN SARMANI²

¹School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

²School of Chemical and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Received: 30 December 2012/Accepted: 4 March 2014

ABSTRACT

Bioremediation of crude oil using biostimulation and/or bioaugmentation was done by simulation study in the green house under uncontrolled environment temperature. In this study, the soil with indigenous microbes was spiked with Tapis crude oil at 200 g/kg. The microbial density of the amended soils was augmented by addition of fresh inoculum of microbial consortium which consist of Pseudomonas aeruginosa UKMP-14T, Acinetobacter baumannii UKMP-12T and seed culture two strains of fungi, Trichoderma virens UKMP-1M and Trichoderma virens UKMP-2M at ratio 1:1:1:1 (v/w). The amendment soil was added with 20% (v/w) of standardize consortium inoculum, 20% (w/w) of dried empty fruit bunch (EFB) and the effect of EFB was compared with 0.7% commercial fertilizer (v/w) which contain NPK (8:8:1). Soil with indigenous microbes was used as a control. Results showed total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) degradation for treatment added with NPK fertilizer was 70.36%, addition with EFB bulking agent 68.86% and addition of both NPK and EFB was 100% at day 30 of incubation. The control plot, 62% of TPH degradation was achieved after 30 days incubation.

Keywords: Bioaugmentation; biostimulation; microbial consortium

ABSTRAK

Bioremediasi minyak mentah menggunakan biostimulasi dan/atau bioaugmentasi telah dijalankan secara kajian simulasi di dalam rumah tumbuhan dengan suhu persekitaran tidak dikawal. Dalam kajian ini, tanah yang mengandungi mikrob indigenus telah ditambah dengan minyak mentah Tapis pada 200 g/kg. Kepadatan mikrob dalam tanah yang diubahsuai telah ditambah dengan inokulum segar konsortium mikrob yang terdiri daripadaPseudomonas aeruginosa UKMP-14T, Acinetobacter baumannii UKMP-12T dan kultur benih dua strain kulatTrichoderma virens UKMP-1M dan Trichoderma virens UKMP-2M pada nisbah 1:1:1:1 (i/b). Tanah yang diubahsuai ditambah dengan 20% (i/b) inokulum piawai konsortia, 20% (b/b) tandan kosong buah kelapa sawit (EFB) yang telah dikeringkan dan kesan EFB telah dibandingkan dengan 0.7% baja komersil (i/b) yang mengandungi NPK (8:8:1). Tanah dengan mikrob indigenus dijadikan sebagai kawalan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan degradasi TPH bagi rawatan yang ditambah dengan baja NPK adalah 70.36%, penambahan agen pemukal EFB ialah 68.86% dan penambahan kedua-dua NPK dan EFB adalah 100% pada hari ke 30 eraman. Plot kawalan pula menunjukkan 62% degradasi TPH telah dicapai selepas 30 hari pengeraman.

Kata kunci: Bioaugmentasi; biostimulasi: konsortium mikrob

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*Corresponding author: email: antara@ukm.edu.my