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Sains Malaysiana 44(3)(2015): 355–363
Comparison of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Properties of Different Fruit Parts of Selected Artocarpus species from Sabah, Malaysia (Perbandingan Ciri Fitokimia dan Antioksida pada Bahagian Buah
yang Berbeza
bagi Spesies Artocarpus Terpilih dari Sabah, Malaysia)
MOHD FADZELLY ABU BAKAR1,2*, FIFILYANA ABDUL KARIM2 & EESWARI PERISAMY2
1Food
Technology Panel, Department of Technology & Heritage, Faculty of Science,
Technology
and Human Development, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)
86400
Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
2Institute for
Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS
88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Received:
4 February 2014/Accepted: 10 September 2014
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the phytochemical
contents and antioxidant activity of 80% methanol extracts of three
selected fruits of Artocarpus species namely, Artocarpus odoratissimus (tarap), Artocarpus
kemando (pudu) and Artocarpus integer (cempedak). The
total phenolic, total flavonoid and total carotenoid contents of
different parts of the fruits (peel, flesh and seed) were analyzed
spectrophotometrically. The antioxidant properties were assessed
by DPPH, FRAP and
ABTS
method. The total phenolic content of all parts of
the fruits ranging from 3.53 to 42.38 mg GAE/g of dry sample. The total
flavonoid was in the range of 0.82 to 36.78 mg CE/g
of dry sample whereas the total carotenoid ranging from 0.67 to
3.30 mg ß-carotene/g of dry sample. The peel and seed displayed
higher phytochemical contents (as compared with the flesh) and were
found to be efficient radical scavengers and reducing agents. Total
phenolic and total flavonoid contents were significantly correlated
with the antioxidant activities. However, the total carotenoid was
weakly correlated with the antioxidant activities. Due to the findings
of this research, it is observed that the phytochemical compounds
are the major contributor to the antioxidant activities. A.
odoratissimus has the potential to be used as antioxidant agents
due to high phytochemical contents and high antioxidant activity
for all tested methods.
Keywords: Antioxidant activity; Artocarpus species; phytochemical contents
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penyelidikan ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengkaji dan membuat
perbandingan kandungan fitokimia dan aktiviti antioksida pada ekstrak
metanol 80% bagi tiga spesies buah Artocarpus yang terpilih iaitu Artocarpus odoratissimus (tarap), Artocarpus
kemando (pudu) dan Artocarpus integer (cempedak). Jumlah
kandungan fenolik, flavonoid dan karotenoid bahagian buah (isi,
kulit dan biji) telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri.
Aktiviti antioksida ditentukan melalui kaedah DPPH, FRAP dan
ABTS.
Kesemua bahagian sampel menunjukkan jumlah kandungan fenolik berjulat
daripada 3.53 hingga 42.38 mg GAE/g sampel kering. Jumlah kandungan
flavonoid pula berjulat daripada 0.82 hingga 36.78 mg CE/g
sampel kering manakala jumlah kandungan karotenoid berjulat dari
0.67 hingga 3.30 mg ß-karotene/g sampel kering. Bahagian kulit
dan biji menunjukkan kandungan fitokimia yang tinggi (berbanding
isi) dan merupakan penghapus radikal dan agen penurunan yang cekap.
Jumlah kandungan fenolik dan flavonoid berkorelasi secara signifikan
dengan aktiviti antioksida. Walau bagaimanapun, jumlah kandungan
karotenoid berkorelasi secara lemah dengan aktiviti antioksida.
Berdasarkan hasil kajian, kompaun fitokimia merupakan penyumbang
utama kepada aktiviti antioksida. A. odoratissimus berpotensi
untuk dijadikan agen antioksida disebabkan oleh kandungan fitokimia
dan aktiviti antioksida yang tinggi terhadap semua kaedah yang dijalankan.
Kata kunci: Aktiviti antioksida; kandungan fitokimia; spesies Artocarpus
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*Corresponding author; email: fadzelly@uthm.edu.my
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