Sains Malaysiana 44(7)(2015): 1021–1025

The Effect of Tualang Honey on Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast Proliferation and Alkaline Phosphatase Level

(Kesan Madu Tualang ke atas Percambahan Fibroblas Ligamen Periodontium Manusia dan Paras Enzim Fosfatase Beralkali)

LAU XIN YU, HASLINA TAIB*, ZURAIRAH BERAHIM, AZLINA AHMAD & SITI LAILATUL AKMAR ZAINUDDIN

School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan

Malaysia

Received: 13 January 2014/Accepted: 4 March 2015

ABSTRACT

Previous studies on honey have shown its potential as an alternative approach in optimizing medical resources for periodontal treatment. However, to date, there has been no study published on the effects of honey on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs). The aimed of this study was to investigate the effect of Tualang honey on HPDLF proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level with an intention to establish honey as one of the natural products which may promote healing and regeneration of periodontium. The HPDLFs were cultured and treated with honey at four different concentrations (0.02, 0.3, 1 and 5%) in a 96-well plate and incubated at 37°C with 5% CO₂. Proliferation test (MTT test) was assessed up to day 3 whereas ALP level (ALP assay) was assessed up to day 7. The αMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin streptomycin was used as control. The results for MTT showed that the cell proliferation for 0.02% honey concentration was significantly higher (p<0.05) on day 3 whereas the proliferation were decreased for 1% honey and 5% honey concentration (p<0.05) than control on all the 3 days. There was increased in ALP level in a similar pattern for all concentration groups from day 0 to day 7 without any significant difference compared with control. Therefore, the present data suggests that Tualang honey stimulated HPDLF proliferation at low concentrations and has an inhibitory effect at high concentrations. However, its role in osteoblastic differentiation requires further investigation.

Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase; cell proliferation; honey; human periodontal ligament fibroblasts

ABSTRAK

Kajian terdahulu tentang madu telah membuktikan kemampuannya sebagai pendekatan alternatif dalam mengoptimumkan sumber perubatan untuk rawatan periodontik. Walau bagaimanapun, sehingga kini, belum terdapat kajian yang diterbitkan tentang kesan madu ke atas fibroblas ligamen periodontium manusia (HPDLFs). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan madu Tualang ke atas percambahan HPDLF dan paras enzim fosfatase beralkali (ALP) dengan tujuan untuk menjadikan madu sebagai salah satu produk semula jadi yang boleh menggalakkan penyembuhan dan pertumbuhan semula periodontium. HPDLFs dikultur dan dirawat dengan madu pada empat kepekatan berbeza (0.02, 0.3, 1 dan 5%) pada plat 96-takung dan dieram pada 37°C dengan 5% CO₂. Ujian percambahan (ujian MTT) telah dinilai sehingga hari ke-3 manakala tahap ALP (ALP cerakin) telah dinilai sehingga hari ke- 7. αMEM yang ditambah dengan 10% FBS dan 1% penisilin streptomisin digunakan sebagai kawalan. Keputusan untuk MTT menunjukkan percambahan sel bagi kepekatan madu 0.02% adalah jauh lebih tinggi (p<0.05) pada hari ke-3 manakala percambahan telah menurun untuk 1% madu dan 5% kepekatan madu (p<0.05) berbanding kawalan pada 3 hari tersebut. Terdapat peningkatan pada tahap ALP dalam pola yang sama bagi semua kumpulan kepekatan daripada hari 0 hingga hari ke-7 tanpa sebarang perbezaan yang signifikan berbanding dengan kawalan. Oleh itu, data yang diperoleh mencadangkan bahawa madu Tualang telah merangsang percambahan HPDLF pada kepekatan yang rendah dan mempunyai kesan pembantutan pada kepekatan yang tinggi. Walau bagaimanapun, peranannya dalam pembezaan osteoblas memerlukan kajian lanjut.

Kata kunci: Fibroblas ligamen periodontium manusia; fosfatase beralkali; madu; percambahan sel

REFERENCES

Abuharfeil, N., Al-Oran, R. & Abo-Shehada, M. 1999. The effect of bee honey on the proliferative activity of human B-and T-lymphocytes and the activity of phagocytes. Food and Agricultural Immunology 11(2): 169-177.

Almeida-Silva, M., Canha, N., Galinha, C., Dung, H.M., Freitas, M.C. & Sitoe, T. 2011. Trace elements in wild and orchard honeys. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 69: 1592-1595.

Choi, E.J., Yim, J.Y., Koo, K.T., Seol, Y.J., Lee, Y.M., Ku, Y., Rhyu, I.C., Chung, C.P. & Kim, T.I. 2010. Biological effects of a semiconductor diode laser on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. J. Periodontal Implant Sci. 40: 105-110.

de Funari, C.S., de Oliveira Ferro, V. & Mathor, M.B. 2007. Analysis of propolis from Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. (compositae) and its effects on mouse fibroblasts. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 111(2): 206-212.

Hassan, M.I., Mabrouk, G.M., Shehata, H.H. & Aboelhussein, M.M. 2010. Antineoplastic effects of bee honey and Nigella sativa on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Integr. Cancer Ther. 11(4): 354-363.

Kannan, T.P., Abdulaziz, Q.A., Siti Fadilah, A. & Azlina, A. 2009. Evaluation of Tualang honey as a supplement to fetal bovine serum in cell culture. Food and Chemical Toxicology 47: 1696-1702.

Kasaj, A., Willershausen, B., Reichert, C., Kasaj, A.G., Zafiropoulos, G.G. & Schmidt, M. 2008. Human periodontal fibroblast response to a nanostructured hydroxyapatite bone replacement graft in vitro. Archives of Oral Biology 53: 683-689.

Kawase, T., Sato, S., Miake, K. & Saito, S. 1988. Alkaline phosphatase of human periodontal ligament fibroblast-like cells. Adv. Dent. Res. 2(2): 234-239.

Kontonasaki, E., Sivropoulou, A., Papadopoulou, L., Garefis, P., Paraskevopouloss, K. & Koidis, P. 2007. Attachment and proliferation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts on bioactive glass modified ceramics. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 34: 57-67.

Molan, P.C. 2001. The potential of honey to promote oral wellness. Gen. Dent. 49(6): 584-589.

Nasir, N.M., Halim, A.S., Singh, K.B., Dorai, A.A. & Haneef, M.M. 2010. Antibacterial properties of Tualang honey and its effect in burn wound management: A comparative study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 10: 31.

Rady, H.M. & Yahya, S.M.M. 2011. Enhancement of the antitumor effect of honey and some of its extracts using adiponectin hormone. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 5(6): 100-108.

Tan, H.T., Rahman, R.A., Gan, S.H., Halim, A.S., Hassan, S.A., Sulaiman, S.A. & Singh, K.B. 2009. The antibacterial properties of Malaysian Tualang honey against wound and enteric microorganisms in comparison to Manuka honey. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 9: 34.

Werner, A. & Laccourreye, O. 2010. Honey in otorhinolaryngology: When, why and how. European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases 128: 133-137.

*Corresponding author; email: haslinakk@usm.my