Sains Malaysiana 46(10)(2017): 1789–1795

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4610-16

 

Aplikasi Hidrogel daripada Selulosa Bakteria (BC-g-PAA) sebagai Nanoreaktor bagi Menghasilkan Nanozarah Ferum Oksida (FeNps)

(A Novel Application of Bacterial Cellulose Hydrogel (BC-g-PAA) as a Nanoreactor

to Produce Ferum Oxide Nanoparticle (FeNps))

 

 

MELLISSA ANDARINI¹, MARYAM MOKHTAROM¹, BOHARI M. YAMIN¹, M. CAIRUL IQBAL M. AMIN², IZZATI HASSAN¹ & AZWAN MAT LAZIM^1*

 

¹Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia dan Teknologi Makanan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

²Fakulti Farmasi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia

 

Received: 10 June 2017/Accepted: 21 September 2017

 

ABSTRAK

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kebolehan hidrogel daripada selulosa bakteria (BC-g-PAA) sebagai pembawa bagi menghasilkan nanozarah ferum oksida (FeNps). Hidrogel selulosa telah disintesis menggunakan kaedah pempolimeran radikal bebas. Secara umum, kaedah pempolimeran radikal bebas ialah pempolimeran berantai (pempolimeran berion), dengan monomer radikal bebas menyerang monomer lain yang ikatannya berganda sehingga membentuk rantai dan akan melebarkannya. Nanozarah ferum oksida (FeNps) telah dihasilkan melalui gabungan antara 1 × 10^-4 g/mL garam ferosenium ke dalam sistem hidrogel, seterusnya agen penurun natrium oksida (NaOH) dengan kepekatan 1 M digunakan untuk mendapatkan zarah. Hidrogel di dalam larutan penimbal pada pH10 ialah yang mempunyai nisbah pembengkakan tertinggi. Keputusan FTIR menunjukkan bahawa asid akrilik (AA) berjaya dicangkukkan pada jaringan selulosa bakteria (SB). Imej hidrogel telah dicirikan melalui analisis mikroskopi elektron imbasan (SEM), diikuti oleh spektroskopi tenaga serakan X-ray (SEM-EDX) dalam penentuan peratusan elemen ferum (Fe). Nanozarah berhasil diperolah selepas hidrogel dikalsinkan, seterusnya zarah tersebut diuji melalui mikroskopi transmisi elektron (TEM) dan pembelauan sinar-X (XRD). Analisis TEM menunjukkan diameter zarah berukuran 5 - 20 nm. Keputusan XRD mengesahkan bahawa zarah yang diperoleh ialah ferum oksida (Fe₃O₄) yang terletak pada puncak 2θ; 32°, 35°, 49° and 54°. Semua keputusan yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahawa hidrogel berasaskan selulosa bakteria berjaya digunakan sebagai nanoreaktor untuk menghasilkan nano zarah ferum oksida (FeNps).

 

Kata kunci: Ferosenium; hidrogel; nanoreaktor; selulosa bakteria (SB)

 

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of bacterial cellulose hydrogel (BC-g-PAA) as a nanoreactor to produce ferum oxide nanoparticles (FeNps). The bacterial cellulose hydrogel was synthesized by using free radical polymerization method. In general, free radical polymerization method is a type of chain polymerization (like ionic polymerization), where free radical monomer attacks double bond of another monomer to form bond and propagate the free radical. Ferum oxide nanoparticles (FeNps) were produced by incorporating 1×10^-4 g/mL ferrocenium salt (Fe⁺ Cl^-) into the hydrogel cellulose system and reduced using 1M concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The highest swelling ratio was observed at basic buffer solution (pH10). The FTIR analysis was also conducted to confirm the grafting of acrylic acid (AA) onto bacteria cellulose backbone. Hydrogel was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) followed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDEX) to determine the iron (Fe) percentage. The resulting nanoparticles were extracted from hydrogel after calcination process, further analysed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Analysis TEM showed the diameter of particles ranges from 5-20 nm. XRD examination confirmed that the ferum oxide particles (Fe₃O₄) were located 2θ; 32°, 35°, 49° and 54°. The result demonstrate the feasibility of using bacterial cellulose hydrogel as promising as nanoreactor to produced ferum oxide nanoparticles (FeNps).

Keyword: Bacteria cellulose (BC); ferrocenium; hydrogel; nanoreactor

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*Corresponding author; email: azwanlazim@ukm.edu.my