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Sains
Malaysiana 46(11)(2017): 2169-2177 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4611-18 The Synthesis and
Decomposition of Signals and its Application in Subei Basin Exploration XIANGSHENG BAO1,2, QUANWEN
LIU1,2 & HAIYAN ZHOU1* 1Petroleum Engineering School, Guangdong
University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China 2Institute of Development Seismology,
Guangdong Research Center for Unconventional Energy Engineering
Technology, Maoming 525000, China Received:
30 January 2017/Accepted: 27 May 2017 ABSTRACT Subei basin is the most promising onshore oil and gas bearing basin
in South China. With the deepening of exploration, subtle hydrocarbon
reservoirs have gradually become the major target of exploration.
Seismic record often shows low signal to noise ratio (SNR),
resulting that conventional seismic records have three shortcomings
in the identification of subtle reservoirs: difficult to identify
small faults; difficult to show the distribution law of sand body; and difficult to find traps. In order to solve this problem, we conducted the research on signal
synthesis and decomposition. The research results showed that
seismic record of different frequency bands can be restored
from original seismic record and both of them contain real stratigraphic
information. Based on this, when a certain band or several bands
in the original seismic record is affected by noise and result
in the reduction of SNR of seismic record, seismic information
seriously affected by noise can be abandoned, leaving only less
affected seismic information to obtain seismic record with higher
SNR. In the collection of actual seismic record, the low and
high band seismic information is seriously affected by noise,
while medium-band seismic information is less affected. Therefore,
based on this, the medium-band seismic information can be restored
from the original seismic record to be new record, which is
called predominant frequency band seismic record. In this paper,
based on the research result, the predominant frequency band
seismic record was applied to the two areas of Subei basin and
the result showed the research result can be used as a good
instruction on well placement and the improvement of drilling
success rate. Keywords: Low SNR; predominant frequency band seismic record; signal synthesis
and decomposition; Subei basin; subtle reservoirs ABSTRAK Lembangan Subei merupakan daratan lembangan bearing minyak dan gas
yang paling berpotensi di Selatan China. Dengan pendalaman penerokaan,
takungan hidrokarbon tidak ketara secara beransur-ansur telah
menjadi sasaran utama penerokaan. Rekod seismik sering menunjukkan
isyarat rendah kepada nisbah hingar (SNR), menyebabkan rekod
seismik konvensional mempunyai tiga kelemahan dalam pengenalpastian
takungan tidak ketara: sukar untuk mengenal pasti kesilapan
kecil; sukar untuk menunjukkan pembangunan hukum jasad pasir;
sukar untuk mengenal pasti perangkap. Dalam usaha untuk menyelesaikan
masalah ini, kami menjalankan uji kaji ke atas isyarat sintesis
dan penguraian. Keputusan penyelidikan menunjukkan rekod seismik
daripada jalur frekuensi berbeza boleh dipulihkan daripada rekod
seismik asal dan kedua-duanya mengandungi maklumat stratigrafi
asal. Berdasarkan maklumat ini apabila sesetengah jalur atau
beberapa jalur dalam rekod seismik asal dipengaruhi oleh bunyi
hingar dan mengakibatkan pengurangan SNR dalam rekod seismik,
maklumat seismik teruk terjejas oleh hingar boleh ditinggalkan,
meninggalkan hanya maklumat seismik yang kurang terjejas untuk
mendapatkan rekod seismik dengan SNR lebih tinggi. Dalam pengumpulan
rekod seismik yang sebenar, maklumat seismik jalur rendah dan
tinggi teruk terjejas oleh bunyi hingar, manakala maklumat jalur
sederhana seismik kurang terjejas. Oleh yang demikian, maklumat
jalur sederhana seismik boleh dipulihkan daripada rekod seismik
asal menjadi rekod baru yang dipanggil rekod seismik jalur frekuensi
pradominan. Dalam kertas ini, berdasarkan keputusan kajian,
rekod seismik jalur frekuensi pradominan digunakan untuk dua
kawasan di lembangan Subei dan keputusan kajian menunjukkan
ia boleh digunakan sebagai satu arahan yang baik untuk penempatan
telaga serta pembaikan kadar kejayaan penggerudian. Kata
kunci: Isyarat sintesis dan penguraian; lembangan Subei; rekod
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