 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Sains Malaysiana 46(4)(2017):
615–621 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4604-14
Rapid Extraction of Bisphenol
A by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction based on Solidification
of Floating Organic (Pengekstrakan Pantas
Bisfenol A dengan Pengekstrakan Mikro Cecair-Cecair Serakan berdasarkan
Pemejalan Organik Terapung) SAW HONG
LOH1,2*,
SHAN
TEIK
ONG1,
MEE
LIN
NGU1
& MARINAH MOHD ARIFFIN1 1School of Marine and
Environmental Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 21030 Kuala Terengganu,
Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia 2Institute of Marine Biotechnology,
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu
Darul Iman, Malaysia Received: 16 February
2016/Accepted: 21 September 2016 ABSTRACT Bisphenol A is an endocrine
disruptor with widespread applications, especially in the production
of polycarbonate and epoxy resins. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
based on solidification of floating organic technique has been developed
for the extraction of bisphenol A from water and soft drink. The
1-undecanol has been applied as the extraction solvent because of
its low density and melting point and high affinity to the analyte.
The technique offered rapid and simple analysis as the 1-undecanol
was homogeneously dispersed in the sample solution to speed the
extraction and the collection of extraction solvent was simplified
by centrifugation, cooling and melting steps. Keywords: Bisphenol
A; dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification
of floating organic; high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence
detection; water ABSTRAK Bisfenol A ialah suatu
pengganggu endokrin yang mempunyai aplikasi meluas, khususnya dalam
pengeluaran polikarbonat dan resin epoksi. Teknik pengekstrakan
mikro cecair-cecair serakan berdasarkan pemejalan organik terapung
telah dibangunkan untuk mengekstrak bisfenol A daripada air dan
minuman ringan. 1-undekanol telah digunakan sebagai pelarut pengekstrakan
disebabkan ketumpatan dan takat leburnya yang rendah dan tarikannya
yang kuat terhadap analit. Teknik ini menawarkan analisis yang pantas
dan senang kerana 1-undekanol menyerak dengan homogen di dalam larutan
sampel untuk mempercepatkan pengekstrakan dan pengumpulan pelarut
pengekstrakan telah dipermudahkan melalui langkah pengemparan, penyejukan
dan peleburan. Kata kunci: Air; bisfenol
A; kromatografi cecair prestasi tinggi-pengesanan pendarfluor; pengekstrakan
mikro cecair-cecair serakan berdasarkan pemejalan organik terapung REFERENCES Alshana, U., Lubbad, I., Göǧer, N.G., Çok, İ., Tamer, U.
& Ertaş, N. 2013. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
based on solidification of floating organic drop combined with counter-electroosmotic
flow normal stacking mode in capillary electrophoresis for the determination
of bisphenol A in water and urine samples. J. Liq. Chromatogr.
Relat. Technol. 36: 2855-2870. Bae, B., Jeong, J.H. & Lee, S.J. 2002. The quantification and
characterization of endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A leaching from
epoxy resin. Water Sci. Technol. 46: 381-387. Berijani, S., Assadi, Y., Anbia, M., Milani Hosseini, M.R. &
Aghaee, E. 2006. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined
with gas chromatography-flame photometric detection. Very simple,
rapid and sensitive method for the determination of organophophorus
pesticides in water. J. Chromatogr. A 1123: 1-9. Cacho, J.I., Campillo, N., Viñas, P. & Hernández-Córdoba, M.
2012. Stir bar sorptive extraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry for the determination of bisphenols in canned beverages
and filling liquids of canned vegetables. J. Chromatogr. A 1247:
146-153. Cao, X.L.,
Corriveau, J. & Popovic, S. 2009. Levels of bisphenol A in canned
soft drink products in canadian markets. J. Agric. Food Chem.
57: 1307-1311. Chang, C.M., Chou, C.C.
& Lee, M.R. 2005. Determining leaching of bisphenol A from plastic
containers by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 539: 41-47. Chen,
M.Y., Ike, M. & Fujita, M. 2002. Acute toxicity, mutagenicity,
and estrogenicity of bisphenol-A and other bisphenols. Environ.
Toxicol. 17: 80-86. Clagett,
D.C. & Shafer, S.J. 1985. Polycarbonate resins. Polym. Eng.
Sci. 25: 458-461. Cooper,
J.E., Kendig, E.L. & Belcher, S.M. 2011. Assessment of bisphenol
A released from reusable plastic, aluminium and stainless steel
water bottles. Chemosphere 85: 943-947. Cunha,
S.C., Cunha, C., Ferreira, A.R. & Fernandes, J.O. 2012. Determination
of bisphenol A and bisphenol B in canned seafood combining QuEChERS
extraction with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed
by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
404: 2453-2463. Fisher,
J.S., Tumer, K.J., Brown, D. & Sharpe, R.M. 1999. Effect of
neonatal exposure to estrogenic compounds on development of the
excurrent ducts of the rat testis through puberty to adulthood.
Environ. Health Perpect. 107: 397-405. Gallart-Ayala,
H., Moyano, E. & Galceran, M.T. 2011. Analysis of bisphenols
in soft drinks by on-line solid phase extraction fast liquid chromatography-tandem
mass spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 683: 227-233. Grumetto,
L., Montesano, D., Seccia, S., Albrizio, S. & Barbato, F. 2008.
Determination of bisphenol A and bisphenol B residues in canned
peeled tomatoes by reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J. Agric.
Food Chem. 56: 10633-10637. Jahromi,
E.H., Bidari, A., Assadi, Y., Milani Hosseini, M.R. & Jamali,
M.R. 2007. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with
graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry: Ultra trace determination
of cadmium in water samples. Anal. Chim. Acta 585: 305-311.
Ji,
Y., Yin, J., Xu, Z., Zhao, C., Huang, H., Zhang, H. & Wang,
C. 2009. Preparation of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for
rapid determination of bisphenol A in environmental water and milk
samples. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 395: 1125-1133. Kang,
J.H., Kondo, F. & Katayama, Y. 2006. Human exposure to bisphenol
A. Toxicol. 226: 79-89. Kim,
J.C., Shin, H.C., Cha, S.W. & Koh, W.S. 2001. Evaluation of
developmental toxicity in rats exposed to the environmental estrogen
bisphenol A during pregnancy. Life Sci. 69: 2611- 2625. Kubwabo,
C., Kosarac, I., Stewart, B., Gauthier, B.R., Lalonde, K. &
Lalonde, P.J. 2009. Migration of bisphenol A from plastic baby bottles,
baby bottle liners and reusable polycarbonate drinking bottles.
Food Addit. Contam.: Part A 26: 928-937. Le,
H.H., Carlson, E.M., Chua, J.P. & Belcher, S.M. 2008. Bisphenol
A is released from polycarbonate drinking bottles and mimics the
neurotoxic actions of estrogen in developing cerebellar neurons.
Toxicol. Lett. 176: 149-156. Leong,
M.I. & Huang, S.D. 2008. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
method based on solidification of floating organic drop combined
with gas chromatography with electron-capture or mass spectrometry
detection. J. Chromatogr. A 1211: 8-12. Li,
X., Lin, L., Zou, S., Lan, C. & Luan, T. 2006. Determination
of bisphenol A in landfill leachate by solid phase microextraction
with headspace derivatization and gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry.
Chin. J. Anal. Chem. 34: 325-328. Liu,
H.H. & Dasgupta, P.K. 1996. Analytical chemistry in a drop.
Solvent extraction in a microdrop. Anal. Chem. 68: 1817-1821.
Madrakian,
T., Afkhami, A., Vanaei, E. & Ahmadi, M. 2015. Solid phase extraction
and spectrofluorometric determination of leached bisphenol A from
some polycarbonate products under simulated use conditions using
surface molecularly imprinted magnetite nanospheres. Anal. Methods
7: 6299-6306. Maragou,
N.C., Lampi, E.N., Thomaidis, N.S. & Koupparis, M.A. 2006. Determination
of bisphenol A in milk by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-mass
spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1129: 165-173. Rezaee,
M., Yamini, Y., Shariati, S., Esrafili, A. & Shamsipur, M. 2009.
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high-performance
liquid chromatography-UV detection as a very simple, rapid and sensitive
method for the determination of bisphenol A in water samples. J.
Chromatogr. A 1216: 1511-1514. Rezaee,
M., Assadi, Y., Milani Hosseini, M.R., Aghaee, E., Ahmadi, F. &
Berijani, S. 2006. Determination of organic compounds in water using
dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. J. Chromatogr. A 1116:
1-9. Sadeghi,
M., Nematifar, Z., Fattahi, N., Pirsaheb, M. & Shamsipur, M.
2016. Determination of bisphenol A in food and environmental samples
using combined solid-phase extraction-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
with solidification of floating organic drop followed by HPLC. Food
Anal. Methods 9: 1814-1824. Saleh,
A., Yamini, Y., Faraji, M., Rezaee, M. & Ghambarian, M. 2009.
Ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction method based
on applying low density organic solvents followed by gas chromatography
analysis for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
in water samples. J. Chromatogr. A 1216: 6673-6679. Salgueiro-González,
N., Concha-Graña, E., Turnes-Carou, I., Muniategui-Lorenzo, S.,
López-Mahía, P. & Prada- Rodríguez, D. 2012. Determination of
alkylphenols and bisphenol A in seawater samples by dispersive liquid-liquid
microextraction and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
for compliance with environmental quality standards (Directive 2008/105/EC).
J. Chromatogr. A 1223: 1-8. Steinmetz,
R., Mitchner, N.A., Grant, A., Allen, D.L. & Bigsby, R.M. 1997.
The environmental estrogen bisphenol A stimulates prolactin release
in vitro and in vivo. Endocrinology 138: 1780-1786.
Sun,
A., Xu, Q. & Yu, X. 2013. Determination of bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol
in water using ionic liquid dispersive liquid phase microextraction.
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 22: 899-907. Vandenberg,
L.N., Hauser, R., Marcus, M., Olea, N. & Welshons, W.V. 2007.
Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). Reprod. Toxicol. 24:
139-177. Watts,
M.M., Pascoe, D. & Carroll, K. 2003. Exposure to 17a-ethinylestradiol
and bisphenol A- effects on larval moulting and mouthpart structure
of Chironomusriparius. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 54: 207-215.
Welshons,
W.V., Nagel, S.C. & vom Saal, F.S. 2006. Large effects from
small exposures. III. Endocrine mechanisms mediating effects of
bisphenol A at levels of human exposure. Endocrinology 147:
S56-S69. Yan,
H., Wang, H., Qin, X., Liu, B. & Du, J. 2011. Ultrasound-assisted
dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of fluoroquinolones
in pharmaceutical wastewater. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 54:
53-57. Yazdinezhad, S.M., Ballesteros-Gómez,
A., Lunar, L. & Rubio, S. 2013. Single-step extraction and cleanup
of bisphenol A in soft drinks by hemimicellar magnetic solid phase
extraction prior to liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
Anal. Chim. Acta 778: 31-37. Yiantzi, E., Psillakis,
E., Tyrovola, K. & Kalogerakis, N. 2010. Vortex-assisted liquid-liquid
microextraction of octylphenol, nonylphenol and bisphenol-A. Talanta
80: 2057-2062. Yoon, Y., Westerhoff,
P., Snyder, S.A. & Esparza, M. 2003. HPLC-fluorescence detection
and adsorption of bisphenol A, 17b-estradiol, and 17a-ethynyl estradiol
on powdered activated carbon. Water Res. 37: 3530-3537. Zang, X.H., Wu, O.H.,
Zhang, M.Y., Xi, G.H. & Wang, Z. 2009. Developments of dispersive
liquid-liquid microextraction technique. Chin. J. Anal. Chem.
37: 161-168. Zhao, J., Zhu, C., Lu,
J., Hu, C., Peng, S. & Chen, T. 2014. Electro-catalytic degradation
of bisphenol A with modified Co3O4/b-PbO2/Ti electrode. Electrochim.
Acta 118: 169-175. Zrostlíková, J., Hajšlová,
J., Poustka, J. & Begany, P. 2002. Alternative calibration approaches
to compensate the effect of co-extracted matrix components in liquid
chromatography-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry
analysis of pesticide residues in plant materials. J. Chromatogr.
A 973: 13-26. *Corresponding author; email: lohsh@umt.edu.my
|
|||
|
